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REOPRO™ Lilly Abciximab Chimeric Monoclonal Antiplatelet Antibody Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Abciximab is the Fab fragment of the chimeric monoclonal antibody 7E3. It selectively binds to the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) receptor located on the surface of human platelets. Abciximab inhibits platelet aggregation by preventing the binding of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and other adhesive molecules to GPIIb/IIIa receptor sites on activated platelets. Pharmacokinetics: Following i.v. administration of abciximab, free…

RECOMBIVAX HB® MSD Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant) Vaccine Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hepatitis B virus is one of at least 3 hepatitis viruses that cause a systemic infection, with major pathology in the liver. The others are hepatitis A virus, and non-A, non-B hepatitis viruses. Hepatitis B virus is an important cause of viral hepatitis. There is no specific treatment for this disease. The incubation period for type B hepatitis…

REDOXON® Roche Ascorbic Acid Vitamin Indications And Clinical Uses: Prevention and treatment of deficiency of ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid is essential for the formation of collagen and intercellular material, and hence for the development of cartilage, bone and teeth, and for wound healing. It influences the formation of hemoglobin, erythrocyte maturation, and certain immunological reactions in the body. The reducing properties of ascorbic acid are useful in the treatment of…

RELAFEN™ SmithKline Beecham Nabumetone Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nabumetone is a nonacidic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a naphthylalkanone structure which is virtually insoluble in water. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties in pharmacologic studies. As with the acidic NSAIDs, its mode of action is not known. However, the ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis may be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect. Nabumetone, as the parent compound,…

REJUVA-A® Stiefel Tretinoin Agent for the Treatment of Photodamaged Skin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Tretinoin, a member of the retinoid class of compounds, is both pharmacologically and structurally related to vitamin A which regulates epithelial cell growth and differentiation. Retinoic acid may exert its effects at the molecular level by binding to specific steroid-like nuclear receptors known as retinoic acid receptors. Binding of retinoic acid to a retinoic acid receptor…

RELEFACT® TRH Hoechst Marion Roussel Protirelin Synthetic Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Protirelin stimulates the secretion of pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This effect may be used clinically to assess the functional integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis by estimating TSH concentrations in the peripheral plasma. In addition to its stimulatory effect on secretion of pituitary TSH, it has been shown that protirelin increases secretion of prolactin. Approximately 65%…

REACTINE™ Pfizer Consumer Cetirizine HCl Histamine H1-Receptor Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cetirizine, a human metabolite of hydroxyzine, is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist anti-allergic compound; its principal effects are mediated via selective inhibition of peripheral H1 receptors. Cetirizine is distinguished from other histamine H1 receptor antagonists by the presence of a carboxylic acid function. This difference may be partly responsible for the selectivity of cetirizine seen in pharmacologic models…

REBIF™ Serono Interferon beta-1a Immunomodulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Interferons are a family of naturally occurring proteins, which have molecular weights ranging from 15 000 to 21 000 daltons. Three major classes of interferons have been identified: alpha, beta and gamma. Interferon beta, interferon alpha and interferon gamma have overlapping yet distinct biologic activities. Interferon beta-1a acts through various mechanisms: Immunomodulation through the induction of cell membrane components of…

Rabies Vaccine Inactivated (Diploid Cell Origin), Dried Connaught Vaccine Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The administration of Rabies Vaccine Inactivated (Diploid Cell Origin), Dried stimulates the rapid development of specific antibodies. Pre-exposure Immunization: Pre-exposure clinical trials have been carried out since 1979 with the present vaccine or its less purified predecessors in over 600 volunteers. Following 3 injections of 1 mL each of vaccine, all developed antibodies at a level of…

RAFTON® Liquid RAFTON® Tablets Ferring Alginic Acid Compound Gastroesophageal Reflux Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Rafton forms a protective neutralizing foam barrier in the stomach that effectively stops the upward flow of stomach acids into the esophagus providing fast relief of heartburn. Indications And Clinical Uses: For the effective relief of day or night-time heartburn or for discomfort of the esophagus due to upward flow of stomach acids. Precautions: Each…