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PRESUN® SUNBLOCK 28 Westwood-Squibb Titanium Dioxide Sunscreen Indications And Clinical Uses: A waterproof, titanium dioxide sunscreen which physically blocks UVA and UVB rays and does not contain PABA or other chemical-sensitizing sunscreens. This broad spectrum, fragrance-free product is ideally suited for sensitive skin. This product is appropriate for daily sunscreen use for the whole family. Precautions: For external use only. If irritation or rash develops, discontinue use. Use on children…

PREMARIN® TABLETS Wyeth-Ayerst Conjugated Estrogens Estrogenic Hormones Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Estrogen drug products act by regulating the transcription of a limited number of genes. They may act directly at the cell’s surface via non “estrogen receptor” mechanism or directly with the estrogen receptor inside the cell. Estrogens diffuse through cell membranes, distribute themselves throughout the cell, and bind to and activate the nuclear estrogen receptor, a DNA-binding protein which…

PRENAVITE® Roberts Iron – Calcium – Vitamins Prenatal Supplement With Folic Acid Indications And Clinical Uses: As a dietary supplement to meet increased needs in pregnancy and lactation. Contra-Indications: Hemosiderosis, hemochromatosis, hemolytic anemias. Precautions: Neurologic involvement may develop or progress, despite temporary remission of anemia, in patients with pernicious anemia who receive more than 100 g of folic acid per day and who are inadequately treated with vitamin B12. Periodic…

PREPIDIL® GEL Pharmacia & Upjohn Dinoprostone Prostaglandin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dinoprostone gel, which contains a prostaglandin E2 analogue as the active ingredient, causes cervical ripening preparatory to the onset of labor when it is administered endocervically. Although the local effects of prostaglandin E2 on cervical maturation is not specifically known, experimental data indicates the drug enhances cervical hemodynamics which in turn promotes ripening of the cervix. Indications And Clinical…

PREPULSID® Janssen-Ortho Cisapride Monohydrate Gastrointestinal Prokinetic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cisapride is a gastrokinetic drug whose activity is considered to be due to enhancement of the physiological release of acetylcholine at the myenteric plexus. Cisapride increases esophageal peristaltic activity and lower esophageal sphincter tone, thereby decreasing reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus and improving esophageal clearance. Gastric and duodenal emptying are also enhanced by cisapride as a consequence…

PRESSYN® Ferring Vasopressin Antidiuretic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Vasopressin is a synthetic water-soluble pressor principle identical in sequence to lysine vasopressin. Vasopressin exerts its antidiuretic action by increasing the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules. The drug can also cause contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract and all parts of the vascular beds, especially the capillaries, small arterioles, and venules, with less effect on the smooth…

PRAVACHOL® Squibb Pravastatin Sodium Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pravastatin is one of a new class of lipid-lowering compounds known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) that reduce cholesterol biosynthesis. These agents are competitive inhibitors of 3-hydroxy- 3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme catalyzing the early rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis, conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. Pravastatin is isolated from a strain of Penicillium citrinum. The active drug substance…

PRE-PEN® Rivex Pharma Benzylpenicilloyl-Polylysine Diagnostic – Penicillin Allergy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The major antigenic determinant of penicillin hypersensitivity is the penicilloyl group, a degradation product of penicillin. Pre-Pen reacts specifically with penicilloyl skin sensitizing antibodies (reagins) to produce immediate wheal and flare reactions which may reflect increased risk of allergic reactions to subsequent penicillin therapy. Indications And Clinical Uses: As a skin test reagent for the detection of penicilloyl…

PREGNYL® Organon Chorionic Gonadotropin Gonadotropin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Chorionic gonadotropin is a glycoprotein substance, with a molecular weight of approximately 38 600, secreted by the placenta and obtained from the urine of pregnant women. It is composed of nonidentical and noncovalently linked a and b subunits. The a subunit of CG is essentially identical to the a subunits of the human pituitary gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, as…

PREMARIN® VAGINAL CREAM Wyeth-Ayerst Conjugated Estrogens Vaginitis Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Conjugated estrogens are a mixture of estrogens obtained exclusively from natural sources occurring as the sodium salts of water-soluble estrogen sulfates blended to represent the average composition of material derived from pregnant mares’ urine. It contains estrone, equilin, and 17a-dihydroequilin, together with smaller amounts of 17a-estradiol, equilenin, and 17a-dihydroequilenin as salts of their sulfate esters. Metabolic and Somatic…