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BETASERON® Berlex Canada Interferon beta-1b Immunomodulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Interferons are a family of naturally occurring proteins, which have molecular weights ranging from 15 000 to 21 000 daltons. Three major classes of interferons have been identified: alpha, beta and gamma. Interferon beta-1b, interferon alpha, and interferon gamma have overlapping yet distinct biologic activities. The activities of interferon beta-1b are species-restricted and, therefore, the most pertinent pharmacological information…

BETALOC® BETALOC® DURULES® Astra Metoprolol Tartrate b-Adrenoceptor Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Metoprolol is a b-adrenoceptor blocking agent. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that it has a preferential effect on b1-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in cardiac muscle. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher doses, metoprolol also inhibits b2-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature. It is used in the treatment…

BETOPTIC® S Alcon Betaxolol HCl Antiglaucoma Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Betaxolol is a cardioselective (beta-1-adrenergic) receptor blocking agent. It does not have significant membrane-stabilizing (local anesthetic) activity and is devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic action. Ocular: When instilled in the eye, betaxolol reduces elevated as well as normal intraocular pressure, whether or not accompanied by glaucoma. When used as a solution, the onset of action occurs within 30 minutes and…

BETNESOL® Preparations Roberts Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate Corticosteroid Indications And Clinical Uses: Enema: For local use as a retention enema in ulcerative colitis. Eye and Ear Drops: Inflammatory eye conditions (anterior segment) and inflammatory ear conditions, e.g., otitis externa. Tablets: Acute asthma, intractable hay fever, severe eczema, other inflammatory skin diseases; rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, severe ulcerative colitis, collagen diseases. Contra-Indications: Systemic infections, live virus immunization, hypersensitivity. Precautions: In patients on…

BETADINE® Topical Preparations Purdue Frederick Povidone-Iodine Antiseptic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Betadine is iodine complexed with povidone (polyvinyl-pyrrolidone). The compound is soluble in water forming a golden brown solution. Like iodine, the solution of the iodine complex is bactericidal, fungicidal, virucidal and trichomonacidal. However, unlike solutions of iodine, it is non-staining to natural fabrics. The antiseptic action of povidone-iodine is due to the available iodine present in the complex. Indications…

BETADINE® Vaginal Preparations Purdue Frederick Povidone-Iodine Bactericidal – Trichomonacidal – Fungicidal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Betadine is iodine complexed with povidone (polyvinyl-pyrrolidone). The compound is soluble in water forming a golden brown solution. Like iodine, the solution of the iodine complex is bactericidal, trichomonacidal, fungicidal and virucidal. Unlike solutions of iodine it is nonstaining to skin and natural fabrics. The antiseptic action is due to the available iodine present in…

BETAGAN® Allergan Levobunolol HCl Glaucoma Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Levobunolol is a noncardioselective beta- adrenoceptor antagonist, equipotent at both beta1 and beta2 receptors. Levobunolol is approximately 60 times more potent than the dextro isomer in its beta-blocking activity, yet equipotent in its potential for direct myocardial depression. Accordingly, the levo isomer, levobunolol, is used. Levobunolol does not have significant local anesthetic (membrane-stabilizing) effect or intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Beta-adrenergic receptor…

BENZTROPINE MESYLATE Antiparkinsonian Agent Pharmacology: Benztropine is a synthetic tertiary amine with structural similarities to atropine and diphenhydramine. Benztropine exhibits anticholinergic, antihistaminic and local anesthetic properties. Its mechanism of action as an antiparkinsonian agent is not clearly known. The pharmacologic effects of the drug may not be apparent until 2 to 3 days after initiation of therapy and may persist for up to 24 hours after discontinuation of the drug….

BEROTEC® Inhalation Aerosol BEROTEC® FORTE Inhalation Aerosol Boehringer Ingelheim Fenoterol HBr Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The bronchodilating effect of fenoterol is produced primarily by stimulation of b2 receptors in the bronchial smooth muscles. The effect has been measured by means of spirometry (FEV1, FVC, MMFR), peak flow rates, flow volume curves, airway resistance (plethysmography) and oscillation mechanics. Fenoterol, when administered by inhalation, exerts a significant increase in pulmonary function…

BEROTEC® Inhalation Aerosol BEROTEC® FORTE Inhalation Aerosol Boehringer Ingelheim Fenoterol HBr Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The bronchodilating effect of fenoterol is produced primarily by stimulation of b2 receptors in the bronchial smooth muscles. The effect has been measured by means of spirometry (FEV1, FVC, MMFR), peak flow rates, flow volume curves, airway resistance (plethysmography) and oscillation mechanics. Fenoterol, when administered by inhalation, exerts a significant increase in pulmonary function…