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REQUIP™ SmithKline Beecham Ropinirole HCl Antiparkinsonian Agent – Dopamine Agonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ropinirole is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist, which activates postsynaptic dopamine receptors. In vitro studies have shown that ropinirole binds with high affinity to cloned human D2, D3, and D4 receptors. The antiparkinson activity of ropinirole is believed to be due to its stimulatory effects on central postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors within the caudate-putamen. Ropinirole is a…

RESOURCE® DIABETIC Novartis Nutrition Therapeutic Nutrient Indications And Clinical Uses: A high nitrogen, fibre containing complete liquid formula. Designed for persons with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes or stress hyperglycemia and normal gastrointestinal function. For oral or tube feeding use. Not recommended when a low residue tube feeding is required. Precautions: Not for parenteral administration. Dosage And Administration: 1 250 mL or 5 550 kJ (5 cans or 1…

RESOURCE® FRUIT BEVERAGE Novartis Nutrition Therapeutic Nutrient Indications And Clinical Uses: For patients requiring oral supplementation. For the dietary management of increased protein and calorie needs in the following patient groups: oncology, anorexia, pre-and post-operative, bowel preparation and fat malabsorption. Follow physician’s instructions for use. Precautions: Not for parenteral administration. Dosage: 8 Tetra Paks [1 880 mL or 6 020 kJ (1 440 kcal)] provides 1 440 kcal and at…

RENEDIL® Hoechst Marion Roussel Felodipine Antihypertensive Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Felodipine is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (calcium channel blocker). Felodipine is a member of the dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers. Mechanism of Action: The therapeutic effect of this group of drugs is believed to be related to their specific cellular action of selectively inhibiting transmembrane influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle. The…

REPLENS® Roberts Polycarbophil Vaginal Moisturizer – Lubricant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Polycarbophil, the key ingredient, is a bioadhesive polymer which can carry up to 60 times its weight in water. It adheres to the epithelial cells lining the vaginal walls and delivers electrolytes and water. The polymer is detached only upon the shedding of the outer layer of cells or mucin, a normal healthy process which occurs every 2 or…

RELAFEN™ SmithKline Beecham Nabumetone Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nabumetone is a nonacidic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a naphthylalkanone structure which is virtually insoluble in water. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties in pharmacologic studies. As with the acidic NSAIDs, its mode of action is not known. However, the ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis may be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect. Nabumetone, as the parent compound,…

REJUVA-A® Stiefel Tretinoin Agent for the Treatment of Photodamaged Skin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Tretinoin, a member of the retinoid class of compounds, is both pharmacologically and structurally related to vitamin A which regulates epithelial cell growth and differentiation. Retinoic acid may exert its effects at the molecular level by binding to specific steroid-like nuclear receptors known as retinoic acid receptors. Binding of retinoic acid to a retinoic acid receptor…

RELEFACT® TRH Hoechst Marion Roussel Protirelin Synthetic Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Protirelin stimulates the secretion of pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This effect may be used clinically to assess the functional integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis by estimating TSH concentrations in the peripheral plasma. In addition to its stimulatory effect on secretion of pituitary TSH, it has been shown that protirelin increases secretion of prolactin. Approximately 65%…

REACTINE™ Pfizer Consumer Cetirizine HCl Histamine H1-Receptor Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cetirizine, a human metabolite of hydroxyzine, is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist anti-allergic compound; its principal effects are mediated via selective inhibition of peripheral H1 receptors. Cetirizine is distinguished from other histamine H1 receptor antagonists by the presence of a carboxylic acid function. This difference may be partly responsible for the selectivity of cetirizine seen in pharmacologic models…

REBIF™ Serono Interferon beta-1a Immunomodulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Interferons are a family of naturally occurring proteins, which have molecular weights ranging from 15 000 to 21 000 daltons. Three major classes of interferons have been identified: alpha, beta and gamma. Interferon beta, interferon alpha and interferon gamma have overlapping yet distinct biologic activities. Interferon beta-1a acts through various mechanisms: Immunomodulation through the induction of cell membrane components of…