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BILTRICIDE® Bayer Praziquantel Anthelmintic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: Praziquantel induces a rapid contraction of schistosomes by a specific effect on the permeability of the cell membrane. The drug further causes vacuolization and disintegration of the schistosome tegument. The effect is more marked on adult worms compared to young worms. An increased calcium influx may play an important role. Secondary effects are inhibition of glucose uptake, lowering of…

BIONET® Carter Horner Benzocaine – Bicetonium Local Anti-infective – Analgesic Indications And Clinical Uses: The symptomatic treatment of mild infection and relief of pain in gum, pharyngeal, tonsillar and other oral disorders such as aphthous ulcers, stomatitis and gingivitis. May also be used postoperatively in tonsillectomy, dental surgery and tooth extraction. Contra-Indications: Benzocaine sensitivity. Precautions: Severe or persistent sore throat accompanied by high fever, headache, nausea and vomiting may be…

BIQUIN DURULES® Astra Controlled Release Quinidine Bisulfate Antiarrhythmic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Quinidine is a class IA antiarrhythmic agent according to the modified Vaughan-Williams classification. Quinidine is considered a myocardial depressant. Direct actions on the heart include: decreased myocardial excitability; prolongation of the atrial, ventricular and Purkinje refractory periods; decreased atrial, Purkinje and ventricular conduction velocities; substantially decreased firing rate of cardiac Purkinje fibres by direct action; decreased myocardial…

BICILLIN® L-A Wyeth-Ayerst Penicillin G Benzathine Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Actions: Penicillin G exerts a bactericidal action against penicillin-sensitive microorganisms during the stage of active multiplication. It acts through the inhibition of biosynthesis of cell-wall mucopeptide. It is not active against the penicillinase-producing bacteria, which include many strains of staphylococci. Penicillin G exerts high in vitro activity against staphylococci (except penicillinase-producing strains), streptococci (Groups A,C,G,H,L and M) and pneumococci….

BICHLORACETIC ACID® Glenwood Dichloroacetic Acid Escharotic – Keratolytic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dichloroacetic acid rapidly penetrates and cauterizes skin, keratin and other tissues. Its cauterizing effect is comparable to that obtained with such methods as electrocautery or freezing. Indications And Clinical Uses: For all types of verrucae; calluses; hard and soft corns; xanthoma palpebrarum; seborrheic keratoses; ingrown nails; cysts and benign erosion of the cervix including endocervicitis; epistaxis. Contra-Indications: Should…

BiCNU® Bristol Carmustine Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Carmustine alkylates DNA and RNA and has been shown to inhibit several enzymes by carbamoylation of amino acids in proteins. In a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments with formate 4, adenine-8-4 and DL-leucine-4,5-, Wheeler and Bowdon obtained results indicating that carmustine interferes with the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides and with the conversion of purine nucleotides to…

BEZALIP® Roche Bezafibrate Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The fibrates, including bezafibrate, lower elevated serum lipids by decreasing the low density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction rich in cholesterol and the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction rich in triglycerides. In addition, fibrates (including bezafibrate) increase the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fraction. Due to their major action on lipoprotein and hepatic triglyceride lipase, the fibrates appear to produce a…

BETASERON® Berlex Canada Interferon beta-1b Immunomodulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Interferons are a family of naturally occurring proteins, which have molecular weights ranging from 15 000 to 21 000 daltons. Three major classes of interferons have been identified: alpha, beta and gamma. Interferon beta-1b, interferon alpha, and interferon gamma have overlapping yet distinct biologic activities. The activities of interferon beta-1b are species-restricted and, therefore, the most pertinent pharmacological information…

BETALOC® BETALOC® DURULES® Astra Metoprolol Tartrate b-Adrenoceptor Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Metoprolol is a b-adrenoceptor blocking agent. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that it has a preferential effect on b1-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in cardiac muscle. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher doses, metoprolol also inhibits b2-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature. It is used in the treatment…

BETNESOL® Preparations Roberts Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate Corticosteroid Indications And Clinical Uses: Enema: For local use as a retention enema in ulcerative colitis. Eye and Ear Drops: Inflammatory eye conditions (anterior segment) and inflammatory ear conditions, e.g., otitis externa. Tablets: Acute asthma, intractable hay fever, severe eczema, other inflammatory skin diseases; rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, severe ulcerative colitis, collagen diseases. Contra-Indications: Systemic infections, live virus immunization, hypersensitivity. Precautions: In patients on…