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AVENTYL® Lilly Nortriptyline HCl Antidepressant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The mechanism of mood elevation of tricyclic antidepressants is at present unknown. Nortriptyline is not an MAO inhibitor. It inhibits the activity of such diverse agents as histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and acetylcholine. It increases the pressor effect of norepinephrine but blocks the pressor response of phenethylamine. Studies suggest that nortriptyline interferes with the transport, release, and storage of catecholamines. Indications And Clinical…

AVAPRO™ Bristol-Myers Squibb/Sanofi Canada Irbesartan Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Blocker Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Irbesartan antagonizes angiotensin II by blocking AT1 receptors. Angiotensin II is the primary vasoactive hormone in the renin-angiotensin system. Its effects include vasoconstriction and the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Irbesartan blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking in a noncompetitive manner the binding of angiotensin II to…

ATIVAN® Wyeth-Ayerst Lorazepam Anxiolytic – Sedative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine with CNS depressant, anxiolytic and sedative properties. Lorazepam has also been shown to possess anticonvulsant activity. Peak plasma concentrations of free lorazepam after oral administration are reached at 2 hours (range 1 to 6 hours). Peak concentrations are reached in 60 to 90 minutes after i.m. administration and in 60 minutes after sublingual administration. Lorazepam is…

ATASOL®-8, -15, -30 Carter Horner Acetaminophen – Codeine Phosphate – Caffeine Citrate Analgesic – Antipyretic Indications And Clinical Uses: The relief of mild to moderate pain of various causes as in headache, migraine, dental pain, dysmenorrhea, myalgias and neuralgias. As an antipyretic when fever accompanies painful conditions. Contra-Indications: Acetaminophen and/or codeine hypersensitivity. Precautions: See Atasol Preparations. Adverse Reactions: Codeine: Adverse reactions due to codeine phosphate may include drowsiness, nausea, vomiting…

ATARAX™ Pfizer Hydroxyzine HCl Anxiolytic – Antihistamine Indications And Clinical Uses: Oral: The management of anxiety and tension as in the preparation for dental procedures and in acute emotional problems. Also used in the management of anxiety associated with organic disturbances and as adjunctive therapy in alcoholism and allergic conditions with strong emotional overlay, such as in asthma. Useful in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as…

ATASOL® Preparations Carter Horner Acetaminophen Analgesic – Antipyretic Indications And Clinical Uses: As an analgesic for the relief of pain in headache, dysmenorrhea, myalgias and neuralgias; arthritis, sprains, toothache, and fever caused by cold or flu. As an antipyretic when fever accompanies painful conditions. Contra-Indications: Acetaminophen hypersensitivity. Precautions: The incidence of gastrointestinal upset is less than after salicylate administration. If a rare sensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue the drug. Hypersensitivity to…

ASPIRIN® BACKACHE Bayer Consumer ASA – Methocarbamol Analgesic – Muscle Relaxant Indications And Clinical Uses: Provides effective relief of back pain by reducing muscle spasms and relaxing tense back and neck muscles, thereby increasing mobility. Precautions: Consult a physician or pharmacist before taking this medication if you: have a predisposition to asthma, stomach problems, peptic ulcer, severe liver disease, gout, severe anemia or allergy to salicylates; have a history of…

ASTRACAINE® ASTRACAINE® FORTE Astra Articaine HCl – Epinephrine Local Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Articaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. As with other local anesthetics, it prevents the generation and conduction of the nerve impulse by interfering with the large transient increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions. Epinephrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vasculature of the mucous membranes to produce vasoconstriction, thereby…

ASTRACAINE® ASTRACAINE® FORTE Astra Articaine HCl – Epinephrine Local Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Articaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. As with other local anesthetics, it prevents the generation and conduction of the nerve impulse by interfering with the large transient increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions. Epinephrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vasculature of the mucous membranes to produce vasoconstriction, thereby…

ASENDIN® Wyeth-Ayerst Amoxapine Antidepressant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Amoxapine is a tricyclic antidepressant of the dibenzoxazepine class. The mechanism of clinical action of amoxapine in man is not well understood. Amoxapine is not a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. In animals, amoxapine inhibits the re-uptake of norepinephrine and, to a lesser degree, of serotonin, at adrenergic nerve endings and blocks the response of dopamine receptors to dopamine. Its major metabolite, 8-hydroxyamoxapine,…