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OPTIMINE® Schering Azatadine Maleate Antihistamine Indications And Clinical Uses: The symptomatic relief of respiratory allergic conditions which include acute and chronic allergic rhinitis, pollenosis (hay fever), and vasomotor rhinitis. rhi Also indicated in the symptomatic relief of such allergic dermatological conditions as acute and chronic urticaria, angioneurotic edema, allergic eczema, contact dermatitis, insect bites, pruritus vulvae and ani, pruritus of nonspecific origin, drug and serum reactions, dermographism; for anaphylactic reactions,…

ORAP® Janssen-Ortho Pimozide Antipsychotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pimozide is a diphenylbutylpiperidine derivative with neuroleptic properties that has been found to be useful in the management of chronic schizophrenic patients. It is relatively non-sedating and can be administered in a single daily dosage. It is assumed that the basic mechanism of action of pimozide is related to its action on central aminergic receptors. It appears to have a selective ability…

ORGARAN® Organon Danaparoid Sodium Antithrombotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Danaparoid is a mixture of low molecular weight sulfated glycosaminoglycuronans derived from porcine intestinal mucosa. It consists of heparan sulfate with low affinity for antithrombin III (AT-III) (about 80%), heparan sulfate with high affinity for AT-III (about 4%), dermatan sulfate (8 to 16%) and chondroitin sulfate. Compared to heparin, danaparoid has a much higher anti-factor Xa/anti-IIa ratio (more than 20:1). Danaparoid…

vitONE-ALPHA® Leo Alfacalcidol Vitamin D3 Metabolite Action And Clinical Pharmacology: 1a-hydroxyvitamin D3(1a-OHD3) stimulates intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption, the reabsorption of calcium from bone and possibly the renal reabsorption of calcium. To be effective in disorders resulting from vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D must undergo two metabolic conversions, first in the liver to 25-hydroxyvitamin D and then in the kidney to the physiologically active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3). In patients…

OMNISCAN® Nycomed Imaging A.S. Gadodiamide Contrast Enhancement Agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Gadodiamide was developed as a contrast agent for diagnostic use in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Gadodiamide is a paramagnetic agent with unpaired electron spins which generate a local magnetic field. As water protons move through this local magnetic field, the changes in magnetic field experienced by the protons reorient them with the main…

ONCASPAR® Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Pegaspargase Antineoplasic Caution: Allergic reactions may occur during therapy with pegaspargase, especially in patients with known hypersensitivity to the other forms of L-asparaginase. In view of the unpredictability of adverse reactions, pegaspargase should be given under the supervision of a physician who is qualified by training and experience to administer cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Pegaspargase has an adverse effect on liver function in some patients. Therapy with pegaspargase…

OCTOSTIM® Ferring Desmopressin Acetate Antihemorrhagic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Desmopressin is a synthetic structural analogue of the natural human hormone, arginine vasopressin. Desmopressin administration causes a transient increase in all components of the Factor VIII complex (Factor VIII coagulant activity, Factor VIII related antigen, and ristocetin cofactor) and in plasminogen activator. Either directly or indirectly, desmopressin causes these factors to be released very rapidly from their endothelial cell storage sites….

OGEN® Pharmacia & Upjohn Estropipate Estrogen Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Estropipate is a natural estrogenic substance prepared from purified crystalline estrone, solubilized as the sulfate and stabilized with piperazine. It is appreciably soluble in water and has almost no odor or taste. The amount of piperazine in estropipate is not sufficient to exert a pharmacological action. Its addition ensures solubility, stability and uniform potency of the estrone sulfate. Estrogens are…

OMNI-TUSS® Rh´ne-Poulenc Rorer Codeine – Chlorpheniramine – Ephedrine – Phenyltoloxamine (Resin Complex) Antitussive – Decongestant – Expectorant Indications And Clinical Uses: To facilitate expectoration and control cough associated with inflamed mucosa and tenacious sputum which does not respond to products of lesser potency. Contra-Indications: Hypertension, cardiac disease, hyper- thyroidism, prostatic hypertrophy, sensitivity to any of the components, patients receiving MAO inhibitors. Precautions: Before prescribing medication to suppress or modify cough,…

NYTOL™, NYTOL™ Extra Strength Block Drug Diphenhydramine HCl Sleep Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The primary action of diphenhydramine is the antagonism of certain effects of histamine such as broncho-constriction and capillary dilation. The most frequently encountered secondary effects of diphenhydramine are related to CNS depression. The effects vary from slight drowsiness to deep sleep and have been reported to include the inability to concentrate, lassitude, dizziness, muscular weakness and…