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POTASSIUM SALTS General Monograph, Potassium Replacement Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Potassium is the principal intracellular ion of body tissues. Potassium ions are involved in a number of essential physiological processes, such as the maintenance of intracellular acid-base balance and tonicity. Other functions include the transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle, gastric secretion, normal renal function, tissue synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Hypokalemia: Potassium depletion may…

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE FOR INJECTION CONCENTRATE USP Astra Electrolyte Replenisher Indications And Clinical Uses: The treatment of potassium depletion in patients with hypokalemia; treatment of digitalis intoxication. The i.v. route is indicated when the patient is unable to take potassium orally or if hypokalemia is severe. Contra-Indications: Renal impairment with oliguria or azotemia, untreated Addison’s disease, hyperadrenalism associated with adrenogenital syndrome, extensive tissue breakdown as in severe burns, acute dehydration, heat…

PRANDASE® Bayer Acarbose Oral Antidiabetic Agent – Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Acarbose is a complex oligosaccharide that inhibits a-glucosidase activity in the brush border membrane of the small intestine. This delays the digestion of ingested carbohydrates, thereby resulting in a smoothing and lowering of blood glucose concentration following meals (postprandial). As a consequence of decreases in plasma glucose postprandial increases, acarbose reduces levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients…

PONSTAN® Parke-Davis Mefenamic Acid Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mefenamic acid, an anthranilic acid derivative, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with demonstrated anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity in laboratory animals. Its mode of action is not completely understood, but may be related to prostaglandin synthetase inhibition. In animal studies the drug was found to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and to compete for binding at the prostaglandin receptor site. Pharmacokinetics: Mefenamic…

PONTOCAINE® Sanofi Tetracaine HCl Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Tetracaine is 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl p-(butylamino) benzoate monohydrochloride. It is a white crystalline odorless powder that is readily soluble in water, physiologic saline solution or dextrose solution. Tetracaine is a local anesthetic of the ester-linkage type, related to procaine. Tetracaine is detoxified by plasma esterases to para-aminobenzoic acid and diethylaminoethanol. tag_IndicationsIndications Indications And Clinical Uses: Where spinal anesthesia is indicated for operations…

PORTAGEN® Mead Johnson Therapeutic Nutrient Description: A nutritionally complete formulated liquid diet which contains medium chain triglycerides. Indications And Clinical Uses: For use in the nutritional management of individuals who do not efficiently digest and absorb conventional long chain food fats. For use in pancreatic insufficiency, bile acid deficiency, intestinal resection, lymphatic anomalies, steatorrhea. Precautions: The usual intake of water should be maintained when Portagen beverage is used as the…

POLYSPORIN® Preparations Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Polymyxin B Sulfate – Gramicidin or Bacitracin Antibiotic Indications And Clinical Uses: Cream: Infection in dermatologic disorders particularly where the lesions are moist or weeping. Prophylactically, against bacterial contamination in burns, skin grafts, incisions and other clean lesions. For abrasions, minor cuts and wounds, the cream may prevent infection and permit normal healing. Eye/Ear Drops: For external infections of the eye and ear when due…

POLYSPORIN® ANTIBIOTIC BURN CREAM Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Polymyxin B Sulfate – Gramicidin – Lidocaine HCl Antibiotic – Anesthetic – Antipruritic Indications And Clinical Uses: For treatment and prevention of infection of minor burns and scalds and relief of skin pain. Contra-Indications: Hypersensitivity to any of the components. Precautions: As with other antibiotic preparations, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms. Appropriate measures should be taken if this occurs….

PONDOCILLIN® Leo Pivampicillin Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pivampicillin is the pivaloyloxymethyl ester of (the semi-synthetic penicillin) ampicillin. It is an inactive pro-drug, which is converted during its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract to the microbiologically active ampicillin, together with formaldehyde and pivalic acid, by non-specific esterases present in most body tissues. Amounts in excess of 99% of the pivampicillin absorbed are converted to ampicillin within 15 minutes of absorption….

POLYTRIM™ Allergan Trimethoprim Sulfate – Polymyxin B Sulfate Antibacterial Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: When used topically, trimethoprim and polymyxin B are rarely sensitizing and absorption through intact skin and mucous membrane is insignificant. Blood samples were obtained from 11 human volunteers at 20 minutes, 1 hour and 3 hours following instillation of 2 drops of a solution containing 1 mg trimethoprim and 10 000 units of polymyxin B/mL. On…