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PROPYL-THYRACIL® Frosst Propylthiouracil Hyperthyroidism Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: The medical management of hyperthyroidism. The treatment of thyrotoxicosis prior to surgery. In conjunction with radioiodine to hasten recovery while awaiting the effects of radiation. The management of thyroid storm in addition to other therapeutic measures. Contra-Indications: Lactation. Hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reaction to propylthiouracil. Manufacturers’ Warnings In Clinical States: Pregnancy: Propylthiouracil readily crosses the placenta and can cause goiter or cretinism…

PROSCAR® MSD Finasteride 5 Alpha-reductase Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Finasteride is a synthetic 4-azasteroid compound which is a competitive and specific inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme which metabolizes testosterone into the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Finasteride has very low affinity for the androgen receptor. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common finding in men over the age of 50 and its prevalence increases with age. The…

Bionutrix Prostanutrix Prostanutrix is a premium designer organic herbal supplement uniquely formulated by Bionutrix physicians to improve and optimize prostate health. This trademark formulation contains a specially balanced organic blend of saw palmetto and pygeum, the only two herbs that have been medically proven to safely and effectively treat and prevent prostate disorders and strengthen libido. Bionutrix is the only company to offer this potent prostate-specific formula in a reliably…

PROSTIGMIN® Preparations ICN Neostigmine Parasympathomimetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Neostigmine inhibits the destruction of acetylcholine by cholinesterase, thus permitting freer transmission of nerve impulses across the neuromuscular junction. It also has a direct effect on voluntary muscle fibres and possibly on autonomic ganglion cells and neurons of the CNS. After absorption or i.v. administration, 80% of a dose is excreted by the kidney in the unchanged (50%) and metabolized (30%)…

PROMETRIUM™ Schering Progesterone Progestin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Micronized progesterone is an oral dosage form of the naturally occurring steroid; it is chemically identical to progesterone of ovarian origin. Micronization of progesterone improves its absorption by the digestive tract by increasing the surface area in contact between the steroid and the mucous membrane. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that plasma progesterone levels within the luteal range are achieved with peak levels at…

PRONESTYL® PRONESTYL®-SR Squibb Procainamide HCl Antiarrhythmic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Procainamide increases the effective refractory period of the atria, and to a lesser extent the bundle of His-Purkinje system and ventricles of the heart. It reduces impulse conduction velocity in the atria, His-Purkinje fibers, and ventricular muscle, but has variable effects on the atrioventricular node, a direct slowing action and a weaker vagolytic effect which may speed atrioventricular conduction…

PROPINE® Allergan Dipivefrin HCl Glaucoma Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dipivefrin is a member of a class of drugs known as prodrugs. Prodrugs are chemical modifications of valuable therapeutic agents which make the parent compound a more useful drug. These modifications are undertaken to enhance absorption, decrease side effects and enhance stability and comfort. Enhanced absorption makes the prodrug a more efficient delivery system for the parent drug because less…

PROPECIA® MSD Finasteride Type II 5 Alpha-reductase Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Finasteride is a competitive and specific inhibitor of Type II 5 alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts the androgen testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Two distinct isozymes of 5 alpha-reductase are found in mice, rats, monkeys, and humans: Type I and II. Each of these isozymes is differentially expressed in tissues and developmental stages. In humans, Type I 5…

PROLASTIN® Bayer Alpha1-Proteinase Inhibitor (Human) Alpha1-Antitrypsin Replenisher Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency is a chronic, hereditary, usually fatal, autosomal recessive disorder in which a low concentration of alpha1-Pl (alpha1-antitrypsin) is associated with slowly progressive, severe panacinar emphysema that most often manifests itself in the third to fourth decades of life. (Although the terms alpha1-proteinase inhibitor and alpha1-antitrypsin are used interchangeably in the scientific literature, the hereditary disorder associated with…

PROLOPRIM® Glaxo Wellcome Trimethoprim Antibacterial Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Trimethoprim blocks the production of tetrahydrofolic acid from dihydrofolic acid by binding to and reversibly inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. This binding is very much stronger for the bacterial enzyme than for the corresponding mammalian enzyme; thus, trimethoprim selectively interferes with bacterial biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins by causing a deficiency of endogenously produced thymine. The effect is usually bactericidal…