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VEPESID® Bristol Etoposide Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Etoposide is a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin. In vitro, etoposide has cytostatic action, which prevents the cells from entering mitosis or destroys them in the premitotic phase. Etoposide interferes with the synthesis of DNA and has a secondary effect on arresting cells in resting (G2) phase in experiments with human lymphoblastic cell lines. Etoposide has a marked action on human hemopoietic cells…

VERELAN® Wyeth-Ayerst Verapamil HCl Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Verapamil is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (calcium entry blocker or calcium ion antagonist) which exerts its pharmacologic effects by modulating the influx of ionic calcium across the cell membrane of the arterial smooth muscle as well as in conductile and contractile myocardial cells. Verapamil exerts antihypertensive effects by inducing peripheral vasodilation and reducing peripheral vascular resistance usually without reflex tachycardia….

VASOPRESSIN INJECTION Pharmaceutical Partners Antidiuretic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The antidiuretic action of vasopressin is ascribed to increasing reabsorption of water by the renal tubules. Vasopressin can cause contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract and of all parts of the vascular bed especially the capillaries, small arterioles and venules with less effect on the smooth musculature of the large veins. The direct effect on the contractile elements…

VASOTEC® VASOTEC® I.V. Frosst Enalapril Maleate Enalaprilat Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor which is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. Enalaprilat is an active metabolite of enalapril and is used in the treatment of hypertension. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. After absorption, enalapril,…

VASOXYL® Glaxo Wellcome Methoxamine HCl Vasopressor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Methoxamine is an alpha-receptor stimulant which produces a prompt and prolonged rise in blood pressure following parenteral administration. It acts by exclusively stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors and hence causes vasoconstriction. Raised arterial pressure stimulates reflex vagal inhibitory effects on the heart, and it is by this effect that methoxamine curtails supraventricular tachycardia. The major pharmacological effect of methoxamine is a potent,…

VAXIGRIP® Connaught Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Trivalent Types A and B (Split Virion) Influenza Prophylaxis Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The inoculation of antigen prepared from inactivated influenza virus stimulates the production of specific antibodies. Protection is afforded only against those strains of virus from which the vaccine is prepared or closely related strains. Influenza A viruses are classified into subtypes on the basis of 2 surface antigens: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase…

VANCENASE® Schering Beclomethasone Dipropionate Rhinitis – Hay Fever Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: The treatment of perennial and seasonal rhinitis and hay fever symptoms when tolerance to, or effectiveness of, conventional treatment is unsatisfactory. Contra-Indications: Active or quiescent untreated pulmonary tuberculosis; untreated bacterial, viral or fungal infections; hypersensitivity to any of the product’s components; children under 6 years of age. Precautions: See Vanceril Oral Inhaler. Vancenase is not recommended for…

VANCERIL® Schering Beclomethasone Dipropionate Asthma Prophylaxis Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Beclomethasone is a potent anti-inflammatory steroid with a strong topical and weak systemic activity. When inhaled at therapeutic doses it has a direct anti-inflammatory action on the bronchial mucosa with minimal systemic effect. After administration by inhalation approximately 10 to 25% of a dose reaches the respiratory tract; the remainder is swallowed and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Beclomethasone dipropionate…

VANQUIN® Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Pyrvinium Pamoate Oxyuriasis Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: Treatment of pinworms. Contra-Indications: In patients who have previously exhibited hypersensitivity to the drug. Precautions: To forestall undue concern and help avoid accidental staining, patients and parents should be advised of the staining properties of pyrvinium. Parents and patients should be informed that pyrvinium will color the stool a bright red. This is not harmful to the patient….

VAPONEFRIN® Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Racemic Epinephrine HCl Bronchodilator Indications And Clinical Uses: For the symptomatic relief of bronchial obstruction due to bronchial spasm and mucous secretions associated with bronchial asthma, hay fever, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema, and other pulmonary diseases associated with bronchospasm. Precautions: Use with caution in children under 12 years of age, in patients sensitive to sympathomimetic amines, in the presence of hypertension or cardiovascular disorders (including coronary insufficiency),…