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VIOFORM® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Clioquinol Antibacterial – Antifungal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Clioquinol is active against a broad spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi (e.g., Candida, Microsporum, Trichophyton) and gram-positive bacteria (e.g., Staphylococci). Clioquinol has only a slight inhibitory effect on gram-negative bacteria. Clioquinol exerts a bacteriostatic, rather than a bactericidal action. The antibacterial and antifungal properties of clioquinol have long been clinically established. Topically, clioquinol has demonstrated effectiveness in secondary…

VIAGRA® (sildenafil citrate) Tablets DESCRIPTION VIAGRA®, an oral therapy for erectile dysfunction, is the citrate salt of sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Sildenafil citrate is designated chemically as 1-[[3-(6,7-dihydro-1-methyl-7-oxo-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)-4-ethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl]-4-methylpiperazine citrate and has the following structural formula: Sildenafil citrate is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a solubility of 3.5 mg/mL in water and a molecular weight of 666.7. VIAGRA® (sildenafil citrate)…

VIASPAN™ DuPont Pharma Cold Storage Solution Indications And Clinical Uses: For the flushing and cold storage of organs including kidney, liver and pancreas at the time of their removal from the donor in preparation for storage, transportation and eventual transplantation into a recipient. After precooling the solution to approximately 2 to 6°C in ice, the cold solution is used to flush the isolated organ immediately before removal from the donor…

VIBRA-TABS™ Pfizer Doxycycline Hyclate Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Doxycycline hyclate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and is active against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Doxycycline exerts its bacteriostatic effect by the inhibition of protein synthesis. Indications And Clinical Uses: For the treatment of: Pneumonia: single and multilobe pneumonia and bronchopneumonia due to susceptible strains of S. pneumoniae (formerly D. pneumoniae) and other Streptococci, Staphylococcus, H. influenzae and…

VERMOX® Janssen-Ortho Mebendazole Anthelmintic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mebendazole induces in vitro and in vivo inhibition of the glucose uptake by parasitic helminths; this is associated with glycogen depletion and a decrease in the generation of ATP, leading to inhibition of larval development. Mebendazole is poorly absorbed after oral administration. At the normal anthelmintic dosage, the bioavailability is poor due to a combination of high first-pass metabolism and the very…

VERSED® Roche Midazolam Premedicant – Sedative – Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Adult and Pediatric: I.V. midazolam has been associated with respiratory depression and respiratory arrest, especially when used for sedation in noncritical care settings. In some cases, where this was not recognized promptly and treated effectively, death or hypoxic encephalopathy has resulted. I.V. midazolam should be used only in hospital or ambulatory care settings that provide for continuous…

VESANOID™ Roche All-trans Retinoic Acid Tretinoin Differentiation Inducing Agent Caution: All-trans retinoic acid should be administered to patients with APL only under the strict supervision of a physician who is experienced in the treatment of hematological/oncological diseases. Action And Clinical Pharmacology: All-trans retinoic acid is a natural metabolite of retinol and belongs to the class of compounds known as retinoids, which are structurally related to vitamin A and comprise natural…

VEXOL™ Alcon Rimexolone Corticosteroid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Rimexolone is an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid. Corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of inciting agents of a mechanical, chemical, or immunological nature. They inhibit edema, cellular infiltration, capillary dilatation, fibroblastic proliferation, deposition of collagen and late cicatrization. Corticosteroids are capable of producing a rise in intraocular pressure in susceptible individuals. Placebo-controlled clinical studies demonstrated that rimexolone ophthalmic suspension is efficacious for…

VELBE® Lilly Vinblastine Sulfate Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Vinblastine has been used for the palliative treatment of a variety of malignant neoplastic conditions. In susceptible clinical cases, vinblastine sulfate has produced temporary reduction in the size or temporary disappearance of some tumors. It has relieved pain and other symptoms and allowed some patients to regain appetite and weight. Periods of remission have varied from patient to patient. Experimental…

VENTOLIN® VENTODISK® VENTODISK® DISKHALER® VENTOLIN® ROTACAPS® VENTOLIN® ROTAHALER® VENTOLIN® RESPIRATOR SOLUTION VENTOLIN® NEBULES P.F. Glaxo Wellcome Salbutamol Bronchodilator – Beta2-adrenergic Stimulant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Salbutamol produces bronchodilation through stimulation of beta2-adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, thereby causing relaxation of bronchial muscle fibres. This action is manifested by an improvement in pulmonary function as demonstrated by spirometric measurements. At therapeutic doses, salbutamol has little action on the beta1-adrenergic receptors…