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ZOCOR® Frosst Simvastatin Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Simvastatin is a cholesterol-lowering agent derived synthetically from a fermentation product of A. terreus. After oral ingestion, simvastatin, which is an inactive lactone, is hydrolyzed to the corresponding b-hydroxyacid form. This principal metabolite is a specific inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, which is an early and rate-limiting step in the…

ZETAR® Preparations Dermik Laboratories Canada Coal Tar Antipsoriatic – Eczema Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: A therapeutic aid in the treatment of psoriasis and other tar-responsive dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis; lichen simplex chronicus, seborrheic dermatitis, dandruff and nummular eczema. Emulsion: For use in the bath when extensive tar therapy is desired; Shampoo: Psoriasis, seborrhea dandruff, cradle cap, and other oily, itchy scalp conditions. Contra-Indications: Acute inflammation, open or infected…

ZILACTIN® ZILACTIN-B® ZILACTIN Baby® ZILACTIN-L® ZILACTIN-Lip® Zila Pharmaceuticals Benzyl Alcohol Benzocaine Benzocaine Lidocaine Octyl Methoxycinnamate – Homosalate – Oxybenzone – Dimethicone – Menthol Protective – Topical Analgesic – Emollient Preparation Indications And Clinical Uses: Zilactin: Zilactin medicated gel relieves pain and speeds healing of canker sores, fever blisters and cold sores. Zilactin forms a tenacious, occlusive film on the oral mucosa that holds the medication in place. The film can…

ZINCOFAX® Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Zinc Oxide Skin Protective Indications And Clinical Uses: Prevents and treats diaper rash. Precautions: Information for the Patient: For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes; if this occurs, rinse thoroughly with water. If an adverse reaction or irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult your physician. Symptoms And Treatment Of Overdose: Symptoms: If excessive amounts are ingested, vomiting and diarrhea may occur. Treatment: Supportive. Dosage And…

ZINACEF® Glaxo Wellcome Cefuroxime Sodium Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: In vitro studies demonstrate that the bactericidal action of cefuroxime, a cephalosporin antibiotic, results from inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the transpeptidase and carboxypeptidase enzymes. Cefuroxime is active against the following organisms in vitro: Gram-positive: S. pyogenes, S. viridans and S. pneumoniae. S. aureus, both penicillin sensitive and beta-lactamase producing. Clostridia. Some strains of methicillin resistant staphylococci…

ZINECARD™ Pharmacia & Upjohn Dexrazoxane Cardioprotective Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dexrazoxane is a cyclic derivative of EDTA which, unlike EDTA, readily penetrates cell membranes. Dexrazoxane was shown to be able to protect the myocardium from anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. The mechanism by which dexrazoxane exerts its cardioprotective activity is not fully understood. Results of laboratory studies suggest that dexrazoxane is converted intracellularly to an open-ringed chelating agent which interferes with iron-mediated…

ZERIT™ Bristol-Myers Squibb Stavudine Antiretroviral Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Stavudine is a synthetic thymidine nucleoside analogue active against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). In vitro studies demonstrate that stavudine is converted to the triphosphate by cellular kinases. The 5′-triphosphate is the active form of the drug. In cell culture studies with 2 different cell lines, stavudine triphosphate had an intracellular half-life of 3.5 hours. Stavudine triphosphate has been shown to…

ZESTORETIC® Zeneca Lisinopril – Hydrochlorothiazide Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor – Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Zestoretic combines the action of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, and a diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide. Lisinopril: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to increased plasma renin activity (due to…

ZESTRIL® Zeneca Lisinopril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor which is used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure and following myocardial infarction in hemodynamically stable patients. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to increased plasma…

ZANTAC® Glaxo Wellcome Ranitidine HCl Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ranitidine is an antagonist of histamine at gastric H2 receptor sites. Thus ranitidine inhibits both basal gastric secretion and gastric acid secretion induced by histamine, pentagastrin and other secretagogues. On a weight basis, ranitidine is between 4 and 9 times more potent than cimetidine. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion has been observed following i.v., intraduodenal and oral…