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EMCYT® Pharmacia & Upjohn Estramustine Sodium Phosphate Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Estramustine has a dual mode of action. The intact molecule acts as an antimitotic agent and after hydrolysis of the carbamate ester bridge the released estrogens exert an antigonadotrophic effect. The low level of clinically manifested side effects may be due to the fact that estramustine binds to a protein present in the tumor tissue, which results in…

EMINASE® Roberts Anistreplase Fibrinolytic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Anistreplase is an inactive derivative of a fibrinolytic (thrombolytic) enzyme composed of streptokinase and lys-plasminogen in which the catalytic center of the enzymatic complex is temporarily blocked by a p-anisoyl group. Anistreplase has high fibrin-binding ability; the lys-plasminogen component of anistreplase has greater fibrin affinity than that of native glu-plasminogen. Activation of anistreplase to lys-plasminogen-streptokinase occurs by a first order, hydrolytic…

ELDISINE® INJECTION Lilly Vindesine Sulfate Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The mode of action of vindesine is not completely understood. Like the other vinca alkaloids, vinblastine sulfate (Velbe) and vincristine sulfate (Oncovin), vindesine causes arrest of cells in metaphase mitosis. In addition, in vitro investigation has demonstrated that vindesine prevents invasion of normal tissue by malignant cells. Comparative studies with these 3 alkaloids, however, demonstrate differences in their effect at…

ELMIRON™ Alza Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium Glycosaminoglycan Substitute Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pentosan is intended for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. In interstitial cystitis patients, a deficient or defective bladder protective glycosaminoglycan layer allows diffusion of irritating components in urine through to the underlying bladder wall. The resultant inflammatory response in the bladder wall produces the symptoms of interstitial cystitis. Definitive proof for this is not available. Elmiron is orally bioavailable…

ELOCOM Schering Mometasone Furoate Corticosteroid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mometasone has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and vasoconstrictive actions. The exact mechanism, however, of corticosteroids in each disease is uncertain. Mometasone has been shown to have topical (dermatologic) and systemic pharmacologic and metabolic effects characteristic of this class of drugs. Indications And Clinical Uses: For the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. The…

ELTOR® 120 Hoechst Marion Roussel Pseudoephedrine HCl Nasal Decongestant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pseudoephedrine has been shown to have a similar action on the human nasal mucosa to ephedrine. It is an effective nasal decongestant and bronchodilator. Decongestion of the nasal mucosa occurs through vasoconstriction, and the relief of obstructed air passages by a direct action on the smooth muscle of the bronchi. The vasopressor effect of pseudoephedrine is less…

EFUDEX® ICN Fluorouracil Topical Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: There is evidence that the metabolism of fluorouracil in the anabolic pathway blocks the methylation reaction of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid. In this fashion fluorouracil interferes with the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and, to a lesser extent, inhibits the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA). Since DNA and RNA are essential for cell division and growth, the effect of fluorouracil…

ELAVIL PLUS® MSD Amitriptyline HCl – Perphenazine Antidepressant – Neuroleptic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Elavil Plus exerts the actions of its components. Perphenazine is a potent tranquilizer and also a potent antiemetic. Perphenazine has a nonhypnotic depressant activity on the CNS and is capable of relieving anxiety, tension, psychomotor excitement and other psychotic symptoms. Perphenazine has also widespread effects which include central and peripheral adrenergic blocking effects, anticholinergic action and…

ELAVIL® MSD Amitriptyline HCl Antidepressant Indications And Clinical Uses: In the drug management of depressive illness. Amitriptyline may be used in depressive illness of psychotic or endogenous nature and in selected patients with neurotic depression. Endogenous depression is more likely to be alleviated than are other depressive states. Amitriptyline, because of its sedative action, is also of value in alleviating the anxiety component of depression. As with other tricyclic antidepressants,…

ELDEPRYL® Draxis Health Selegiline HCl Antiparkinsonian Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Selegiline is an irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). Because selegiline has greater affinity for type B than type A MAO, it can serve as a selective inhibitor of MAO-B if it is administered at the recommended dose. Selegiline may have pharmacological effects unrelated to MAO-B inhibition. There is some evidence that it may increase dopaminergic activity…