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FOLIC ACID * General Monograph, Pteroylglutamic Acid Folate Sodium Anemia Therapy Pharmacology: Folic acid is a B complex vitamin. After absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, folic acid is hepatically converted to tetrahydrofolic acid which is a cofactor in the biosynthesis of purines and thymidylates of nucleic acids. An exogenous source of folic acid is necessary for the maintenance of normal erythropoiesis. Folic acid deficiency can lead to meagloblastic and macrocytic…

FORADIL® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Formoterol Fumarate Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Formoterol is a potent selective long-acting (12 hours) b2-adrenergic stimulant. It exerts a bronchodilator effect in patients with reversible airways obstruction. The effect is seen within 1 to 3 minutes and is still significant 12 hours after inhalation. Single dose studies have shown that formoterol is effective in preventing bronchospasm induced by allergen, exercise, cold air, histamine or methacholine challenge….

FOLLOW-UP® Nestlé, Carnation Infant Formula Indications And Clinical Uses: A cow’s milk based, iron fortified formula designed to meet the nutritional needs of babies from 6 to 12 months of age who are already eating baby foods. Follow-Up Formula is designed to be the liquid portion of a 6 to 12 month old baby’s diet. It is a nutritionally superior alternative to cow’s milk for the older baby. Follow-Up Formula…

FORANE® Zeneca Isoflurane Inhalation Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Isoflurane is an inhalation anesthetic whose low solubility (blood/gas partition coefficient equals 1.4), permits a rapid induction of and recovery from anesthesia. The mild pungency of isoflurane may limit the rate of induction, although excessive salivation or tracheobronchial secretions do not appear to be stimulated. The level of anesthesia may be changed rapidly with isoflurane. Pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes are readily…

FLUZONE® Connaught Influenza Virus Vaccine Trivalent Types A and B (Zonal Purified, Subvirion) Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The inoculation of antigen prepared from inactivated influenza virus stimulates the production of specific antibodies. Protection is afforded only against those strains of virus from which the vaccine is prepared or closely related strains. Influenza A viruses are classified into subtypes on the basis of 2 surface antigens: hemagglutinin (H)…

FLUVIRAL S/F® BioChem Vaccines Whole-Virion and Split-Virion Influenza Virus Vaccine, Inactivated Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fluviral S/F, split-virion influenza vaccine, promotes an active immunization against influenza. Within 7 days after injection of the vaccine there is an increase in circulating antibody to the viral hemagglutination, and peripheral blood lymphocytes are primed to respond to in vitro stimulation by vaccine antigens. I.M. injection of inactivated vaccine leads to…

FLUVIRAL® BioChem Vaccines Influenza Virus Vaccine Trivalent, Inactivated Whole-Virion Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fluviral whole virion influenza vaccine, promotes an active immunization against influenza. Within 7 days after injection of the vaccine there is an increase in circulating antibody to the viral hemagglutination, and peripheral blood lymphocytes are primed to respond to in vitro stimulation by vaccine antigens. I.M. injection of inactivated vaccine leads to the presence…

FLUOROURACIL ROCHE® Roche 5-Fluorouracil Antineoplastic Caution: 5-fluorouracil is a potent drug and should be prescribed only by physicians experienced with cancer chemotherapeutic drugs (see Precautions). Blood counts as well as renal and hepatic function tests should be performed regularly. Discontinue the drug if there is significant leukopenia (under 3 000/mm or granulocytopenia (under 1 500/mm. Action And Clinical Pharmacology: 5-Fluorouracil is a fluorinated pyrimidine antimetabolite which is structurally similar to…

FLUDARA® Berlex Canada Fludarabine Phosphate Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fludarabine is a fluorinated analog of adenine that is relatively resistant to deamination by adenosine deaminase. Fludarabine (2F-ara-AMP) is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A (2F-ara-A) and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active 2-fluoro-ara-ATP (2F-ara-ATP). The antitumor activity of this metabolite is the result of inhibition of DNA synthesis via inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase a. Maximum…

FLUOTIC® Hoechst Marion Roussel Sodium Fluoride Otospongiosis Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Sodium fluoride acts partly by reducing bone resorption in the bone remodeling cycle and partly by increasing bone deposition. In organ culture of otospongiotic bone removed at operation, sodium fluoride increased radioactive calcium uptake. Analysis of the fluoride content of otospongiotic bone showed a higher fluoride content in untreated patients, than in the endochrondral bone of the noninvolved…