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LOXAPAC® Wyeth-Ayerst Loxapine Antipsychotic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Loxapine, a tricyclic dibenzoxazepine antipsychotic agent, which is chemically distinct from the phenothiazines, thioxanthenes and butyrophenones, produces pharmacological responses in various animal species which are characteristic of those seen with the majority of antipsychotic drugs. Loxapine is an antipsychotic drug which exhibits many of the actions common to this broad class of drugs. Loxapine has proven to be of value in…

LOPROX® Hoechst Marion Roussel Ciclopirox Olamine Topical Antifungal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ciclopirox is a synthetic broad spectrum antifungal agent that inhibits the growth of pathogenic dermatophytes, yeasts, and M. furfur. It exhibits fungicidal activity in vitro against isolates of T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, E. floccosum, M. canis and C. albicans. The mode of action of ciclopirox olamine was studied mainly in C. albicans. It is presumed that ciclopirox mediated…

LOSEC® Astra Omeprazole Magnesium H KATPase Inhibitor Note: When used in combination with amoxicillin, clarithromycin or metronidazole, the product monographs for those agents must be consulted and followed. Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Omeprazole inhibits the gastric enzyme H KATPase (the proton pump) which catalyzes the exchange of Hand K It is effective in the inhibition of both basal acid secretion and stimulated acid secretion. The inhibition is dose dependent. Daily…

LOFENALAC® Mead Johnson Phenylketonuria Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: For use as basic food in low phenylalanine dietary management of infants and children with phenylketonuria. Contra-Indications: Should not be used except for children with phenylketonuria. Precautions: Phenylalanine intake must be carefully controlled to prevent excessive blood levels and urinary excretion, and still provide enough for growth. Phenylalanine blood levels should be determined regularly. Physical and mental development should be carefully…

LOCACORTEN® VIOFORM® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Flumethasone Pivalate – Clioquinol Topical Corticosteroid – Antibacterial – Antifungal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Flumethasone pivalate is a moderately potent difluorinated corticosteroid ester with anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and vasoconstrictive properties. As it is a privalate, its anti-inflammatory action is concentrated at the site of application. This local effect on diseased areas results in a prompt decrease in inflammation, exudation and itching. Clioquinol, the antimicrobial component of Locacorten…

LOCACORTEN® VIOFORM® Eardrops Novartis Flumethasone Pivalate – Clioquinol Topical Aural Corticosteroid – Antibacterial – Antifungal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Flumethasone pivalate is a moderately potent difluorinated glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. As it is a pivalate, its action is concentrated at the site of application. This local effect on diseased areas results in a prompt decrease in inflammation, exudation and itching. Clioquinol, the antimicrobial component of Locacorten Vioform…

LOCASALEN® Novartis Flumethasone Pivalate – Salicylic Acid Topical Corticosteroid – Squamolytic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Locasalen exhibits pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic antiproliferative and antipruritic effects. Flumethasone pivalate, a topical corticoid of proven efficacy, is in solution in the ointment base rather than as suspended microcrystals and attains a higher degree of penetration into the skin where it remains active in the epidermis for a long period of time. The salicylic acid…

LITHANE™ Pfizer Lithium Carbonate Antimanic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Although lithium is useful for its antimanic effect and in preventing relapses in patients with a clearcut diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder, it has very little, if any, direct effect on moods, normal or abnormal. Lithium alters sodium transport in nerve and muscle cells, effects a shift toward intraneuronal metabolism of catecholamines and has an inhibitory action on the intracellular…

LIVOSTIN® NASAL SPRAY Janssen-Ortho Levocabastine HCl Histamine H1-antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Levocabastine is a potent, fast-acting and highly selective histamine H1-antagonist with a sustained duration of action. Within 10 minutes of topical application to the nose, levocabastine inhibits sneezing, itchy nose and rhinorrhea induced by nasal provocation with allergens. Orally-administered levocabastine provides a dose dependent inhibition of skin reactions to intradermal histamine. After repeated topical application to the nose,…

LIVOSTIN™ EYE DROPS CIBA Vision Levocabastine HCl Histamine H1-antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Levocabastine is a potent, fast-acting and highly selective histamine H1-antagonist with a sustained duration of action. Within 10 to 15 minutes of topical application to the eyes, levocabastine inhibits: itching, redness and chemosis induced by conjunctival provocation with histamine; itching, redness, chemosis, eyelid swelling, and tearing induced by conjunctival provocation with allergens; and itching and redness induced…