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LIPACTIN® Novartis Consumer Health Heparin Sodium – Zinc Sulfate Symptomatic Treatment of Herpes Simplex I Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lipactin is composed of heparin and zinc for topical application. Topical application of heparin produces accumulation of the heparin molecules in the corium of the skin while insignificant amounts are absorbed through the skin. Oral administration of heparin is associated with negligible anticoagulant effect as heparin is immediately metabolized in the…

LIPIDIL MICRO® Fournier Fenofibrate (Micronized) Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fenofibrate lowers elevated serum lipids by decreasing the low density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction rich in cholesterol and the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction rich in triglycerides. In addition, fenofibrate increases the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fraction. Fenofibrate appears to have a greater depressant effect on the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) than on the low density…

LIPITOR™ Parke-Davis Atorvastatin Calcium Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Atorvastatin is a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. It is a selective, competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy- 3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, which is an early and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Atorvastatin lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol synthesis in the liver and by increasing…

LINCOCIN® Pharmacia & Upjohn Lincomycin HCl Monohydrate Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The mode of action of lincomycin is the inhibition of protein synthesis by the inhibition of the binding of aminoacyl sRNA to the messenger ribosome complex at the 50S ribosomal unit. Lincomycin is absorbed rapidly after oral administration, reaching peak levels in 2 to 4 hours. Levels above the minimum inhibitory concentration for most gram-positive organisms are maintained…

LIORESAL® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Baclofen Muscle Relaxant – Antispastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Baclofen’s precise mechanisms of action are not fully known. It inhibits both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes at the spinal level, probably by hyperpolarization of afferent terminals, although actions at supraspinal sites may also occur and contribute to its clinical effect. Although baclofen is an analog of the putative inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), there is no conclusive evidence…

LIORESAL® Intrathecal Novartis Pharmaceuticals Baclofen Muscle Relaxant – Antispastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The precise mechanisms of action of baclofen as a muscle relaxant and antispastic agent are not fully understood. Baclofen inhibits both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex transmission at the spinal level, possibly by decreasing excitatory neurotransmitter release from primary afferent terminals. Actions at supraspinal sites may also contribute to its clinical effect. Baclofen is an analogue of the…

LIDEMOL® Medicis Fluocinonide Topical Corticosteroid Indications And Clinical Uses: For topical therapy of corticosteroid-responsive acute and chronic skin eruptions where an anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic and antipruritic activity in the topical management is required. Contra-Indications: Untreated bacterial, tubercular, fungal and most viral lesions of the skin (including herpes simplex, vaccinia and varicella) and untreated purulent bacterial infections. Hypersensitivity to any of the components. Manufacturers’ Warnings In Clinical States: Pregnancy and Lactation: The…

LIDEX® Medicis Fluocinonide Topical Corticosteroid Indications And Clinical Uses: For topical therapy of corticosteroid-responsive acute and chronic skin eruptions where an anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic and antipruritic activity in the topical management is required. Contra-Indications: Untreated bacterial, tubercular, fungal and most viral lesions of the skin (including herpes simplex, vaccinia and varicella). Contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to any of the components. Manufacturers’ Warnings In Clinical States: Pregnancy and…

LEVOTEC Technilab Levothyroxine Sodium Hypothyroidism Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Levothyroxine sodium is the monosodium salt of the levorotatory isomer of thyroxin (tetraiodothyronine), the principal hormone secreted by the normal thyroid gland. Following oral administration, the absorption of levothyroxine is incomplete and variable (50 to 75%), especially when taken with food. Once absorbed, synthetic levothyroxine is indistinguishable from the endogenous hormone. Levothyroxine is nearly totally bound to serum proteins and…

LEVSIN® Rivex Pharma Hyoscyamine Sulfate Antispasmodic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hyoscyamine inhibits specifically the actions of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves and on smooth muscles that respond to acetylcholine but lack cholinergic innervation. These peripheral cholinergic receptors are present in the autonomic effector cells of the smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node, and the exocrine glands. It is completely devoid of any action…