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RHEUMATREX™ Wyeth-Ayerst Methotrexate Sodium Antirheumatic Caution: Methotrexate should be used only by physicians whose knowledge and experience includes the use of antimetabolite therapy. Because of the possibility of serious toxic reactions the patient should be informed by the physician of the risks involved and should be under a physician’s constant supervision. Deaths have been reported with the use of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In the treatment of…

RENOVA® Janssen-Ortho Tretinoin Agent for the Treatment of Photodamaged Skin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Tretinoin significantly reduces clinical signs of photodamaged skin such as fine wrinkles, mottled hyperpigmentation and roughness. While the exact mechanism of action of tretinoin is unknown, the clinical improvements are accompanied by the following histologic changes: increased epidermal and granular layer thickness, reduced melanin content and stratum corneum alterations. Indications And Clinical Uses: For the treatment…

REOPRO™ Lilly Abciximab Chimeric Monoclonal Antiplatelet Antibody Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Abciximab is the Fab fragment of the chimeric monoclonal antibody 7E3. It selectively binds to the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) receptor located on the surface of human platelets. Abciximab inhibits platelet aggregation by preventing the binding of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and other adhesive molecules to GPIIb/IIIa receptor sites on activated platelets. Pharmacokinetics: Following i.v. administration of abciximab, free…

RECOMBIVAX HB® MSD Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant) Vaccine Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hepatitis B virus is one of at least 3 hepatitis viruses that cause a systemic infection, with major pathology in the liver. The others are hepatitis A virus, and non-A, non-B hepatitis viruses. Hepatitis B virus is an important cause of viral hepatitis. There is no specific treatment for this disease. The incubation period for type B hepatitis…

REDOXON® Roche Ascorbic Acid Vitamin Indications And Clinical Uses: Prevention and treatment of deficiency of ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid is essential for the formation of collagen and intercellular material, and hence for the development of cartilage, bone and teeth, and for wound healing. It influences the formation of hemoglobin, erythrocyte maturation, and certain immunological reactions in the body. The reducing properties of ascorbic acid are useful in the treatment of…

RAXAR™ Glaxo Wellcome Grepafloxacin HCl Antibacterial Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Grepafloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic microorganisms, as well as some atypical microorganisms. Grepafloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes for duplication, transcription, and repair of bacterial DNA. Grepafloxacin is bactericidal at concentrations equal to or…

QUADRACEL™ Connaught Component Pertussis Vaccine – Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids Adsorbed Combined with Inactivated Poliomyelitis Vaccine Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio has been associated with a striking decrease in the incidence of morbidity and mortality from these diseases. Simultaneous vaccination with a combination vaccine containing pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and poliomyelitis vaccines have been used in Canada since 1958. Diphtheria…

PRO-LAX® Rivex Pharma Polyethylene Glycol 3350 – Electrolytes Laxative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pro-Lax contains PEG 3350, which is an inert, non-toxic, water-soluble polymer that acts as an osmotic agent. When administered as a solution, the PEG 3350 component of Pro-Lax prevents absorption by the intestinal tract of the portion of water ingested, thereby serving to hydrate and soften stools, and promote peristalsis. Pro-Lax does not affect electrolyte absorption in…

PRIMAXIN® MSD Imipenem – Cilastatin Sodium Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Imipenem exerts a bactericidal action by inhibiting cell wall synthesis in aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Primaxin consists of 2 components: imipenem, a derivative of thienamycin, a carbapenem antibiotic; and cilastatin sodium, a specific inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-I a renal enzyme which metabolizes and inactivates imipenem. Cilastatin blocks the metabolism of imipenem in the kidney, so that concomitant…

PRESUN® ULTRA 30 Preparations Westwood-Squibb Octyl Methoxycinnamate – Octyl Salicylate – Oxybenzone – Butyl Methoxydibenzoyl – Methane (Parsol® 1789) Sunscreen Indications And Clinical Uses: A waterproof, non-PABA sunscreen for extremely sun-sensitive patients, or those patients who exhibit a sensitivity to PABA or its esters. Offers maximum UVA and UVB sun protection. Regular usage may help prevent premature aging and wrinkling of the skin due to sun overexposure. Precautions: For external…