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MUTACOL BERNA® Berna Products Cholera Vaccine Live Oral CVD 103-HgR Cholera Prophylaxis Action And Clinical Pharmacology: V. cholerae is the etiological agent of cholera, an acute diarrheal disease. This vaccine will not afford protection against species of vibrio other than 01 V. cholerae or against other bacteria that cause enteric disease. Mutacol Berna vaccine will not afford protection against 0139 V. cholerae. There are less than 30 cases of cholera…

MUTAMYCIN® Bristol Mitomycin Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mitomycin was investigated at first as an antibiotic in Japan. It was then found to be active as an antineoplastic agent. It selectively inhibits the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The exact point of mitomycin attachment to DNA remains unknown. At high concentrations of the drug, cellular RNA and protein synthesis are also suppressed. Mitomycin is rapidly cleared from the plasma after…

MUCAINE® Axcan Pharma Oxethazaine – Aluminum Hydroxide – Magnesium Hydroxide Antacid – Mucosal Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Alumina gel and magnesium hydroxide react chemically to neutralize or buffer existing quantities of stomach acid but have no direct effect on its production. This action increases gastric pH, providing symptomatic relief of hyperacidity. Gastroscopic observations reveal that alumina gel, especially when swallowed undiluted, forms a diffuse coating over the inflamed gastric…

MULTITEST® CMI Connaught Skin Test Antigens for Cell-Mediated Immunity Diagnostic Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The delayed cutaneous responses associated with the ubiquitous antigens in the Multitest battery appear to be typical cellular hypersensitivity reactions. A relatively small amount of soluble antigen is introduced into the epidermia and superficial dermal tissue by puncture. Circulating T-cells (lymphocytes), sensitized to the antigen from prior contact, react with the antigens in the skin…

MUCOMYST® Roberts Acetylcysteine Mucolytic – Antidote for Acetaminophen Poisoning Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The viscosity of pulmonary mucous secretions depends on the concentrations of mucoprotein and to a lesser extent deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The latter increases with increasing purulence owing to cellular debris. The mucolytic action of acetylcysteine is related to the sulfhydryl group in the molecule. This group probably “opens” disulfide linkages in mucus thereby lowering the viscosity. The…

MOTRIN® IB McNeil Consumer Products Ibuprofen Analgesic – Antipyretic – Anti-inflammatory Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ibuprofen is a member of the class of agents commonly known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Consistent with this classification, ibuprofen exhibits anti-inflammatory activity at higher dosage ranges. At lower adult single doses relevant to a 200 mg dosage strength (200 to 400 mg) ibuprofen relieves pain of mild to moderate intensity and reduces fever….

MOTRIN® Pharmacia & Upjohn Ibuprofen Anti-inflammatory – Analgesic – Antipyretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ibuprofen has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity in animal studies designed to specifically demonstrate these effects. Its mode of action, like that of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, is not completely understood, but may be related to prostaglandin synthetase inhibition. Ibuprofen does not alter the course of the underlying disease. Ibuprofen has no demonstrable glucocorticoid effect….

MORPHINE SULFATE INJECTION BP (1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL) Faulding Opioid Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Morphine exerts its main actions by acting as an agonist at specific receptor sites in the CNS. Morphine produces many effects including analgesia, decreased gastrointestinal motility, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, changes in mood and alterations of the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems. Maximum analgesia occurs within 50 to 90 minutes after s.c. administration,…

MoRu-Viraten BERNA™ Berna Products Measles and Rubella Virus Vaccine, Live, Attenuated Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: MoRu-Viraten Berna is a live virus vaccine for immunization against measles (rubeola) and rubella (German measles). A single dose of MoRu-Viraten Berna vaccine was administered to 26 children, 15 months to 9 years of age, who were seronegative [a rubella hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titer of 256). The viral vaccine strains that comprise MoRu-Viraten…

MOTILIUM® Janssen-Ortho Domperidone Maleate Upper Gastrointestinal Motility Modifier Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Domperidone is a peripheral dopamine antagonist structurally related to the butyrophenones with antiemetic and gastroprokinetic properties. Domperidone effectively increases esophageal peristalsis and lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP), increases gastric motility and peristalsis, enhances gastroduodenal coordination and consequently facilitates gastric emptying and decreases small bowel transit time. The mechanism of action of domperidone is related to its peripheral dopamine…