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VAXIGRIP® Connaught Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Trivalent Types A and B (Split Virion) Influenza Prophylaxis Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The inoculation of antigen prepared from inactivated influenza virus stimulates the production of specific antibodies. Protection is afforded only against those strains of virus from which the vaccine is prepared or closely related strains. Influenza A viruses are classified into subtypes on the basis of 2 surface antigens: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase…

VANQUIN® Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Pyrvinium Pamoate Oxyuriasis Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: Treatment of pinworms. Contra-Indications: In patients who have previously exhibited hypersensitivity to the drug. Precautions: To forestall undue concern and help avoid accidental staining, patients and parents should be advised of the staining properties of pyrvinium. Parents and patients should be informed that pyrvinium will color the stool a bright red. This is not harmful to the patient….

VALIUM® ROCHE® INJECTION Roche Diazepam Anxiolytic – Sedative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diazepam is an anxiolytic-sedative drug useful in the symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension states. It has also adjunctive value in the relief of certain neurospastic conditions and in certain cases, its anticonvulsant activity has been found useful in controlling status epilepticus. Peak blood levels after the i.v. administration of diazepam injection are reached within 15 minutes as…

V-CILLIN K® Lilly Potassium Phenoxymethyl Penicillin Antibiotic Indications And Clinical Uses: Mild to moderately severe infections caused by penicillin V sensitive microorganisms including streptococcal pharyngitis, staphylococcal infection without bacteremia and pneumococcal infections. Therapy should be guided by bacteriologic sensitivity tests and clinical response. Severe pneumonia, empyema, bacteremia, pericarditis, meningitis, and arthritis should not be treated with potassium phenoxymethyl penicillin during the acute stage. Indicated surgical procedures should be performed. The…

VALIUM® ROCHE® ORAL Roche Diazepam Anxiolytic – Sedative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diazepam is an anxiolytic-sedative drug useful in the symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension states. It has also adjunctive value in the relief of certain neurospastic conditions. Peak blood levels after oral administration of diazepam are reached within 1 to 2 hours after single oral dosing. The acute half-life is 6 to 8 hours with a slower decline…

URECHOLINE® Frosst Bethanechol Chloride Parasympathomimetic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Bethanechol acts principally by producing the effects of stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system. It increases the tone of the detrusor urinae muscle, usually producing a contraction sufficiently strong to initiate micturition and empty the bladder. It stimulates gastric motility, increases gastric tone, and often restores rhythmic peristalsis. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system releases acetylcholine at the nerve endings….

URISPAS® Pharmascience Flavoxate HCl Urinary Tract Antispasmodic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Flavoxate is a papaverine-like smooth muscle relaxant. It exhibits, however, greater antispasmodic activity and is less toxic. The basic action of flavoxate is the relaxation of smooth muscle fibres of the urinary tract through a mechanism not yet defined. By counteracting smooth muscle spasms of the urinary tract, it relieves the pain and discomfort accompanying a variety of urological…

UROMITEXAN™ Bristol Mesna Uroprotector Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mesna is rapidly and easily converted by autooxidation to its only metabolite disodium 2,2¢-dithio-bis ethane sulfonate (mesna disulfide, dimesna), forming a disulfide link. Following i.v. injection, only a small portion of the administered dose is detected in the blood as a reactive thiol compound (mesna). Mesna disulfide remains in the intravascular space and is rapidly forwarded to the kidney. In the renal…

URSOFALK® Axcan Pharma Ursodiol Litholytic Agent – Cholestatic Liver Diseases Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ursodiol, a naturally occurring bile acid, is present as a minor fraction of the total human bile acids. Oral administration of ursodiol increases this fraction in a dose related manner, to become the major biliary acid. Since in patients with gallstones, the total bile acid pool size is generally reduced, the exogenous supply of ursodiol helps…

UNIPHYL® Purdue Frederick Theophylline Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Theophylline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle (particularly when the muscles are constricted); produces vasodilation except in cerebral vessels; stimulates the CNS including the respiratory center; stimulates cardiac muscle; produces diuresis and increases gastric acid secretion. In addition to its activity as a bronchodilator, theophylline may also stimulate mucociliary clearance, inhibit anaphylactic mediator release, suppress mediator induced inflammation and improve contractility of the…