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LACTRASE® Rivex Pharma Lactase Lactose Digestant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lactose is a nonabsorbable disaccharide found as a common constituent in most dairy products. Under normal conditions, dietary lactose is hydrolyzed in the jejunum and proximal ileum by beta-D-galactosidase or lactase. Lactase is produced in the brush border of the columnar epithelial cells of the intestinal villi. Lactase hydrolyzes lactose into 2 monosaccharides, glucose and galactose, that are readily absorbed…

LAMICTAL® Glaxo Wellcome Lamotrigine Antiepileptic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lamotrigine is a drug of the phenyltriazine class chemically unrelated to existing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Lamotrigine is thought to act at voltage-sensitive sodium channels to stabilize neuronal membranes and inhibit the release of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters (e.g. glutamate, aspartate) that are thought to play a role in the generation and spread of epileptic seizures. Clinical Trials: In placebo-controlled clinical studies,…

JE-VAX® Connaught Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inactivated Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Japanese encephalitis (JE), a mosquito-borne arboviral Flavivirus infection is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. Infection leads to overt encephalitis in only 1 of 20 to 1 000 cases. Encephalitis usually is severe, resulting in a fatal outcome in 25% of cases and residual neuropsychiatric sequelae in 50% of cases. JE acquired during the…

JECTOFER® Astra Iron-Sorbitol-Citric Acid Complex, Dextrin-Stabilized Intramuscular Hematinic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Many of the properties of iron sorbitol result from its relatively low molecular weight. It is rapidly absorbed from the injection site and is stable in tissue fluids. Two-thirds of the injected dose is absorbed from an i.m. site within 3 hours, most of it directly into the blood circulation and, to a lesser extent, via lymphatics. Within…

LAC-HYDRIN® Westwood-Squibb Ammonium Lactate Moisturizer Indications And Clinical Uses: For the treatment of moderate to severe dry skin and scaling (xerosis), and hyperkeratotic conditions such as ichthyosis, and for the temporary relief of itching associated with these conditions. Contra-Indications: Abraded or inflamed skin. Known sensitivity to any of the ingredients. Precautions: If irritation develops, use should be discontinued. For external use only. Dosage: Apply to the affected areas twice daily…

ISOTREX® Stiefel Isotretinoin Acne Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Isotretinoin is a drug known to improve cystic acne when taken orally. It has also shown similar activity when used for treating less severe forms of acne. While its mechanism of action is not known, studies have shown that oral isotretinoin can decrease sebum secretion and sebaceous gland size. It also affects the keratinization of the stratum corneum. These processes are…

ISOSOURCE® HN Novartis Nutrition Therapeutic Nutrient Indications And Clinical Uses: A high nitrogen, complete liquid tube feeding (nasogastric, nasoduodenal or jejunal) for patients with normal gastrointestinal function, when low-residue feeding is required. Because it is slightly flavored, Isosource HN may be appropriate for oral administration in patients experiencing altered or heightened taste perceptions (e.g., individuals undergoing radiation and chemotherapy treatment). Precautions: Not for parenteral administration. Dosage And Administration: 1 500…

ISUPREL® Sanofi Isoproterenol HCl Sympathomimetic Indications And Clinical Uses: Inhalation solution: Symptomatic relief of bronchial asthma and in cases of emphysema, bronchitis and other chronic bronchopulmonary disorders in which bronchospasm is a complicating factor. Injectable form is particularly suitable for the treatment and prevention of (1) Adams-Stokes syndrome and other episodes of heart block, except when caused by ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (2) cardiac arrest (3) mild or transient episodes…

IVEEGAM IMMUNO® Baxter Immune Globulin (Human), I.V. Passive Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Immune globulin for i.m. use is known to cause anaphylactoid reactions when given i.v. Osterreichisches Institut f¼r Haemoderivate has developed animal models which permit the testing of a preparation’s potential for causing anaphylactoid reactions. The tests have shown that hypotensive, leukopenic, and bronchospastic substances are present in Cohn Fraction II, which is used for the preparation…

ISOPTIN® Knoll Verapamil HCl Antianginal – Antiarrhythmic – Antihypertensive Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Angina and Arrhythmia: Verapamil is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (calcium entry blocker or calcium ion antagonist). The mechanism of the antianginal and antiarrhythmic effects of verapamil is believed to be related to its specific cellular action of selectively inhibiting transmembrane influx of calcium in cardiac muscle, coronary and systemic arteries and in cells of the…