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General Illness Information Medical Term: Not specified Common Name: Yellow fever Description: Yellow fever is a serious viral disease spread by a particular species of mosquito prevalent mainly in Africa and South America. The disease belongs to the group of zooanthroponoses. This term combines diseases of humans and certain species of animals. Causes: A person becomes infected with a virus after being bitten by an infected mosquito. The incubation period…

General Illness Information Medical Term: Hypercholesterolemia Common Name: High cholesterol Description: Hypercholesterolemia is high amounts of cholesterol in the blood. Types: Depending on the etiological factors, hypercholesterolemia can be divided into: Primary (also called hereditary hypercholesterolemia). The main reason for its development is a hereditary factor. Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is diagnosed if the anomalous genes are present in both parents. Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia occurs in 90% of patients. This form…

General Illness Information Medical Term: Not specified Common Name: Neuroblastoma Description: Neuroblastoma is a cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, typical for children. Causes: Neuroblastoma, like other forms of cancer, develops as a result of a genetic mutation that provokes the development of malignant cells. It is not clearly established what causes the genetic mutation and a tumor. According to physicians, carcinogenic factors play a major role – the effects…

General Illness Information Medical Term: Hairy Cell Leukemia Common Name: Hairy Cell Leukemia, HCL Description: Hairy cell leukemia is a rare, slowly progressing malignant blood disease, in which excess B-lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow. These B-lymphocytes are pathological and look “hairy” under the microscope. The number of pathological cells increases, and the development of normal leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets decreases. Hairy cell leukemia is more common in men…

General Illness Information Medical Term: Condylomata acuminata, condyloma acuminatum Common Name: Genital warts Description: Genital warts are warty formations on the skin and mucous membranes of genital organs. Causes: The development of genital warts is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are more than 100 varieties of human papillomaviruses, but, according to some scientists only certain non-oncogenic types can cause the disease. Human papilloma virus is present in the body…

Vaccine is a medical preparation intended to create immunity to infectious diseases. Vaccine is made from weakened or killed microorganisms, products of their vital activity, or from their antigens obtained by genetic engineering or chemical means. Principles of vaccination: Vaccination stimulates the adaptive immune response, forming specific memory cells in the body. The subsequent infection by the same agent causes a persistent, faster immune response; Vaccines should be safe and…

Various diseases of the genitourinary system are most often associated with sexual infections and the prostate gland. Types: A brief list of diseases of the genitourinary system in men and women: Men’s diseases: Prostatitis – an inflammatory disease of the prostate; Vesiculitis – inflammation of seminal vesicles; Urethritis – an inflammatory process in the urethra; Colliculitis – inflammation of the seminal tubercle; Balanoposthitis – an inflammatory disease of the foreskin…

General Illness Information Common Name: Heart disease Medical Term: Cardiovascular disease Classification: Disorders may appear in any part of the cardiovascular system.The most common cardiovascular diseases: Angina pectoris; Myocardial infarction; Heart failure; Myocarditis; Arrhythmias; Arterial hypertension; Endocarditis; Heart defects, etc. They are based on various pathological mechanisms: Violation of the coronary circulation – a decrease in blood flow to the myocardium, which causes oxygen starvation and irreversible changes in the…

General Illness Information Common Name: Low blood pressure Medical Term: Hypotension  Description: Arterial hypotension is a prolonged condition characterized by low blood pressure. The figures do not exceed 100 and 60 mm Hg. Art. respectively. Causes: Hereditary predisposition; Constitutional features Secondary hypotension develops against the background of other diseases (hepatitis, peptic ulcer, anemia, allergic reactions, poisoning, as a result of side effects of some drugs). Causes of acute hypotension: acute…

General Illness Information Common Name: Priapism Medical Term: Priapism Description: Priapism is a pathological erection that lasts more than 4 hours and is not associated with sexual arousal. In this case, the erection does not disappear even after sexual intercourse. In addition, priapism can be accompanied by pain in the penis. An important difference of pathological erection from the natural (associated with sexual arousal) is the absence of blood filling…