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EMADINE® Alcon Emedastine Difumarate Antiallergy Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Emedastine is a potent, selective, and topically effective histamine H1 antagonist with a rapid onset of action. In vitro and in vivo examinations of emedastine’s affinity for histamine receptors (H1, H2 and H3) demonstrate 10 000-fold selectivity for the H1 histamine receptor and concentration-dependent inhibition of histamine-stimulated vascular permeability in the conjunctiva following topical ocular administration. Emedastine is devoid of…

EMINASE® Roberts Anistreplase Fibrinolytic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Anistreplase is an inactive derivative of a fibrinolytic (thrombolytic) enzyme composed of streptokinase and lys-plasminogen in which the catalytic center of the enzymatic complex is temporarily blocked by a p-anisoyl group. Anistreplase has high fibrin-binding ability; the lys-plasminogen component of anistreplase has greater fibrin affinity than that of native glu-plasminogen. Activation of anistreplase to lys-plasminogen-streptokinase occurs by a first order, hydrolytic…

ELAVIL PLUS® MSD Amitriptyline HCl – Perphenazine Antidepressant – Neuroleptic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Elavil Plus exerts the actions of its components. Perphenazine is a potent tranquilizer and also a potent antiemetic. Perphenazine has a nonhypnotic depressant activity on the CNS and is capable of relieving anxiety, tension, psychomotor excitement and other psychotic symptoms. Perphenazine has also widespread effects which include central and peripheral adrenergic blocking effects, anticholinergic action and…

ELAVIL® MSD Amitriptyline HCl Antidepressant Indications And Clinical Uses: In the drug management of depressive illness. Amitriptyline may be used in depressive illness of psychotic or endogenous nature and in selected patients with neurotic depression. Endogenous depression is more likely to be alleviated than are other depressive states. Amitriptyline, because of its sedative action, is also of value in alleviating the anxiety component of depression. As with other tricyclic antidepressants,…

ELDEPRYL® Draxis Health Selegiline HCl Antiparkinsonian Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Selegiline is an irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). Because selegiline has greater affinity for type B than type A MAO, it can serve as a selective inhibitor of MAO-B if it is administered at the recommended dose. Selegiline may have pharmacological effects unrelated to MAO-B inhibition. There is some evidence that it may increase dopaminergic activity…

EDECRIN® SODIUM EDECRIN® MSD Ethacrynic Acid Ethacrynate Sodium Diuretic – Saluretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ethacrynic acid is a saluretic-diuretic agent with marked potency and rapid onset of action. It is chemically unrelated to other diuretics. Patients with congestive heart failure (including acute pulmonary edema), renal edema, hepatic cirrhosis with ascites, and other conditions involving fluid retention have responded well to ethacrynic acid. Ethacrynic acid has the following major characteristics:…

DPE™ Alcon Dipivefrin HCl Glaucoma Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dipivefrin is converted to epinephrine inside the human eye by enzyme hydrolysis. The liberated epinephrine, an adrenergic agonist, appears to exert its action by decreasing aqueous production and by enhancing outflow facility. The dipivefrin hydrochloride prodrug delivery system is a more efficient way of delivering the therapeutic effects of epinephrine, with fewer side effects than are associated with conventional epinephrine…

DRISTAN® NASAL MIST/SPRAY Whitehall-Robins Pheniramine – Phenylephrine Nasal Decongestant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic agent that constricts the smaller arterioles of the nasal passages producing a gentle and predictable decongesting effect. Pheniramine is an antihistamine that controls rhinorrhea, sneezing and lacrimation associated with elevated histamine levels in disorders of the respiratory tract. Indications And Clinical Uses: Prompt temporary relief of nasal congestion due to colds, sinusitis, hay…

DIFFERIN® Galderma Adapalene Acne Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Adapalene is a chemically stable, retinoid-like compound. Biochemical and pharmacological profile studies have demonstrated that adapalene is a potent modulator of cellular differentiation, keratinization and inflammatory processes all of which represent important features in the pathology of acne vulgaris. Although the exact mode of action of adapalene is unknown, current evidence suggests that topical adapalene normalizes the differentiation of follicular epithelial…

DIABETA® Hoechst Marion Roussel Glyburide Oral Hypoglycemic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The principal action of glyburide results in an increased insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas. Other mechanisms leading to a reduction of blood glucose are also believed to be influenced by glyburide. The insertion of an alkylene chain on the benzene nucleus results in a product of very high potency. Schulz and Schmidt indicated that the…