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DICETEL® Solvay Pharma Pinaverium Bromide Gastrointestinal Calcium Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pinaverium is a calcium antagonist which inhibits the calcium influx by blocking the voltage-dependent calcium channel at the smooth muscle cell level. It possesses a high degree of selectivity for the intestinal smooth muscle. Many studies showed that pinaverium induces a relaxation of the gastrointestinal and the biliary tracts and mainly of the colon, an inhibition of the…

DICLECTIN® Duchesnay Doxylamine Succinate – Pyridoxine HCl Antinauseant against Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The action of Diclectin is due to 2 unrelated compounds. Doxylamine succinate, an antihistamine, provides the antinauseant and antiemetic activity; pyridoxine HCl provides a supplement of vitamin B6 to prevent a possible pyridoxine deficiency during pregnancy. Also, studies have shown that pyridoxine itself could have an antinauseant activity. The onset of the…

DICLOTEC Technilab Diclofenac Sodium Anti-inflammatory – Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diclofenac sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic properties. The mode of action is not fully known but it does not act through the pituitary-adrenal axis. Diclofenac sodium inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by interfering with the action of prostaglandin synthetase. This inhibitory effect may partially explain its actions. From a clinical efficacy standpoint, diclofenac sodium 75…

DIAMICRON® Servier Gliclazide Oral Hypoglycemic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Gliclazide is an hypoglycemic agent of the sulfonylurea group. Its hypoglycemic action is related to an improvement in insulin secretion from the functioning beta cells of the pancreas. It potentiates the insulin release and improves the dynamics of insulin. Hemobiological properties of gliclazide have been observed in pharmacology studies. These are attributed to gliclazide action on the platelet behavior, prostaglandin equilibrium…

DIANE®-35 Berlex Canada Cyproterone Acetate – Ethinyl Estradiol Acne Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diane-35 is a combination antiandrogen-estrogen for use in the treatment of androgen-dependent dermatological conditions in females. Cyproterone is a steroid compound with potent antiandrogenic, progestogenic and antigonadotrophic activity. It exerts its antiandrogenic effect by blocking androgen receptors. It also reduces androgen synthesis by a negative feedback effect on the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian systems. The estrogen component (ethinyl estradiol)…

DIAZEMULS® Pharmacia & Upjohn Diazepam Injectable Emulsion Anxiolytic – Sedative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diazemuls is an injectable emulsion of diazepam, a drug with known anxiolytic-sedative and muscle relaxant properties. Diazepam has been found useful for short-term symptomatic relief of excessive anxiety and tension in patients with anxiety neurosis, although anxiety and tension associated with the stresses of everyday life usually do not require treatment with anxiolytic drugs. Diazepam must…

DESYREL® DESYREL® DIVIDOSE Bristol Trazodone HCl Antidepressant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Trazodone is a psychoactive compound with sedative and antidepressant properties. Its mechanism of action in humans is not clear. Trazodone is well absorbed after oral administration with peak plasma levels obtained within 0.5 to 2 hours after ingestion. Absorption is somewhat delayed and enhanced by food. The mean plasma elimination half-life is 4.4 hours for the period from 3…

DESQUAM-X® Preparations Westwood-Squibb Benzoyl Peroxide Acne Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: A topical aid for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Contra-Indications: Known sensitivity to any of the components. Precautions: Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. Observe patients carefully for possible local irritation or sensitivity during long-term topical therapy. Apply with caution on neck, circumoral and/or other sensitive areas. If excessive dryness or irritation occurs, discontinue use. May bleach colored…

DEXEDRINE® SmithKline Beecham Dextroamphetamine Sulfate Sympathomimetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dextroamphetamine (dexamphetamine, d-amphetamine) sulfate is a sympathomimetic agent with indirect effects on adrenergic receptors. It has alpha-and beta-adrenergic activity. It has actions qualitatively similar to those of amphetamine sulfate but is approximately twice as potent. It has a marked stimulant effect on the CNS, particularly the cerebral cortex and the respiratory and vasomotor centers. Dextroamphetamine sulfate causes a lessening of…

DEXIRON™ Genpharm Iron Dextran Hematinic – Iron Supplement Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Iron dextran is absorbed from i.m. injection sites into the capillaries and the lymphatic system. Circulating iron dextran is removed from the plasma by cells of the reticuloendothelial system, which split the complex into its components of iron and dextran. The iron is immediately bound to the available protein moieties to form hemosiderin or ferritin, the physiologic forms…