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DILANTIN® CAPSULES Parke-Davis Phenytoin Sodium Anticonvulsant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant drug which can be useful in the treatment of epilepsy. The primary site of action appears to be the motor cortex where spread of seizure activity is inhibited. Possibly by promoting sodium efflux from neurons, phenytoin tends to stabilize the threshold against hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation or environmental changes capable of reducing membrane sodium gradient….

DILAUDID-HP® DILAUDID-HP-PLUS® DILAUDID-XP® DILAUDID® STERILE POWDER Knoll Hydromorphone HCl Opioid Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hydromorphone is a hydrogenated ketone of morphine. It is an opioid analgesic with many of the effects common to the class of drugs. Opioid analgesics have multiple actions but exert their primary effects on the CNS and organs containing smooth muscle. The principal actions of therapeutic value are analgesia and sedation. Opioid analgesics also suppress…

DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE INJECTION Novopharm Antiarrhythmic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diltiazem inhibits the influx of calcium ions during membrane depolarization of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle. The therapeutic benefits of diltiazem in supraventricular tachycardias are related to its ability to slow atrioventricular (AV) nodal conduction time and prolong AV nodal refractoriness. Diltiazem exhibits frequency (use) dependent effects on AV nodal conduction such that it may selectively reduce the heart rate during…

DIFLUCAN™ Pfizer Fluconazole Antifungal Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fluconazole is a highly selective inhibitor of fungal cytochrome P450 sterol C-14-alpha-demethylation. Mammalian cell demethylation is much less sensitive to fluconazole inhibition. The subsequent loss of normal sterols correlates with the accumulation of 14-a-methyl sterols in fungi and may be responsible for the fungistatic activity of fluconazole. Fluconazole is a polar bis-triazole antifungal drug. Studies have shown that fluconazole exhibits specificity…

DIGIBIND® Glaxo Wellcome Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine) Specific Antibody for Digoxin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Digoxin immune Fab (ovine) is a sterile lyophilized powder of antigen binding fragments (Fab) derived from specific antidigoxin antibodies raised in sheep. It binds molecules of digoxin, making them unavailable for binding at their site of action on cells in the body. The Fab fragment-digoxin complex accumulates in the blood, from which it is excreted…

DIHYDROERGOTAMINE (DHE) Novartis Pharmaceuticals Dihydroergotamine Mesylate Vascular Headache Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dihydroergotamine displays moderate to high affinity for various serotonergic receptor subtypes (5-HT1A, 5-HT1C, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2). The compound exerts agonistic activity at the 5-HT1D subtype and antagonistic activity at the 5-HT2 subtype. Dihydroergotamine also displays blocking actions at alpha adrenergic receptor level, with a direct stimulating effect on the smooth muscle of peripheral blood vessels. Its tonic effect…

DILANTIN® INFATABS DILANTIN®-30 PEDIATRIC DILANTIN®-125 Parke-Davis Phenytoin Anticonvulsant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dilantin Infatabs and Dilantin-30 Pediatric/Dilantin-125 suspensions are anticonvulsant drugs which can be useful in the treatment of epilepsy. The primary site of action appears to be the motor cortex where spread of seizure activity is inhibited. Possibly by promoting sodium efflux from neurons, phenytoin tends to stabilize the threshold against hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation or environmental changes…

DIDROCAL® Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals Etidronate Disodium Calcium Carbonate Bone Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The Didrocal therapy is a nonhormonal treatment consisting of etidronate disodium administered for 14 days followed by calcium carbonate administered for the next 76 days. Etidronate Disodium: Etidronate disodium is a bisphosphonate (diphosphonate) that inhibits bone resorption, primarily through the drug’s effect on osteoclasts. Etidronate disodium owes its highly selective bone effects to its…

DIDRONEL® Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals Etidronate Disodium Bone Metabolism Regulator – Antipagetic Agent – Antihypercalcemic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Etidronate acts primarily on bone. It can inhibit the formation, growth and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals and their amorphous precursors by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces. Inhibition of crystal resorption occurs at lower doses than are required to inhibit crystal growth. Both effects increase as the dose increases. General: The…

DIFLUCAN-150™ Pfizer Fluconazole Antifungal Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fluconazole is a highly selective inhibitor of fungal cytochrome P450 sterol C-14-a-demethylation. Mammalian cell demethylation is much less sensitive to fluconazole inhibition. The subsequent loss of normal sterols correlates with the accumulation of 14-a-methyl sterols in fungi and may be responsible for the fungistatic activity of fluconazole. Fluconazole is a polar bis-triazole antifungal drug. Studies have shown that fluconazole exhibits specificity…