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MEVACOR® MSD Lovastatin Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lovastatin is a cholesterol-lowering agent isolated from a strain of A. terreus. After oral ingestion, lovastatin, which is an inactive lactone, is hydrolyzed to the corresponding b-hydroxyacid form. This principal metabolite is a specific inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, which is an early and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of…

METRONIDAZOLE General Monograph Antibacterial – Antiprotozoal Pharmacology: Metronidazole is amebicidal, trichomonacidal and bactericidal. A chemically reactive, reduced form of metronidazole is thought to be responsible for the drug’s activity. The reduced substrate affects anoxic or hypoxic cells causing loss of the helical structure of DNA, strand breakage and impairment of cellular function. The spectrum of activity of metronidazole includes the following: Anaerobic gram-negative bacilli, including most Bacteroides species, Fusobacterium and…

METHYLENE BLUE Bioniche Tetramethylthionine Chloride Trihydrate Methemoglobinemia – Diagnostic Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Methylene Blue activates a normally dormant reductase enzyme system which reduces the methylene blue to leucomethylene blue, which in turn is able to reduce methemoglobin to hemoglobin. Methylene Blue is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is believed to be reduced in the tissues to the leuco form which is slowly excreted, mainly in the urine…

METHOTREXATE TABLETS USP Faulding Antimetabolite Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Methotrexate is an antimetabolite which competitively inhibits the enzyme folic acid reductase. During DNA synthesis and cellular reproduction, folic acid is reduced to tetrahydrofolic acid by the enzyme folic acid reductase. By interfering with the reduction of folic acid, methotrexate interferes with tissue cell reproduction. Generally, the most sensitive cells to the antimetabolite effect of methotrexate are those cells which are…

METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE FOR INJECTION USP Faulding Glucocorticoid – Anti-inflammatory Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Methylprednisolone is a synthetic adrenocortical steroid derivative with predominantly glucocorticoid properties possessing anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive action. Methylprednisolone belongs to the pharmacologic class of glucocorticoid/anti-inflammatory drugs which, following systemic absorption, diffuse across cell membranes and complex with specific cytoplasmic receptors. These complexes may enter the cell nucleus, bind to DNA and stimulate transcription of mRNA. Subsequent cellular…

METIMYD® Schering Prednisolone – Sulfacetamide Compound Ophthalmic Corticosteroid – Antibacterial Indications And Clinical Uses: Inflammatory and allergic disease of the eye especially when antibacterial effect is desired. Contra-Indications: Tuberculosis, fungal and most viral lesions of the eye (herpes simplex/dendritic keratitis): vaccinia; varicella; acute purulent conjunctivitis and acute purulent blepharitis and in those persons who have shown hypersensitivity to any of its components. Precautions: Extended use of topical steroid therapy may…

MESTINON® MESTINON®-SR ICN Pyridostigmine Bromide Antimyasthenic – Cholinergic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pyridostigmine is a cholinergic agent which acts primarily by the inhibition of cholinesterase. It enhances cholinergic action by facilitating the transmission of impulses across neuromuscular junctions. It also has a direct cholinomimetic effect on skeletal muscle and possibly on autonomic ganglion cells and neurons of the CNS. Because of its quaternary ammonium structure, moderate doses of pyridostigmine do…

METANDREN® Novartis Methyltestosterone Oral Androgen Indications And Clinical Uses: In the male: replacement therapy in hypogonadism, eunuchoidism, the climacteric, and other conditions due to loss, atrophy or hypofunction of the testes. In the female: palliation of androgen-responsive, advancing, inoperable breast cancer in women who are more than 1 year, but less than 5 years, postmenopausal or who have been proven to have a hormone dependent tumor, as shown by previous…

METHOTREXATE SODIUM INJECTION USP Faulding Antimetabolite Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Methotrexate is an antimetabolite which competitively inhibits the enzyme folic acid reductase. During DNA synthesis and cellular reproduction, folic acid is reduced to tetrahydrofolic acid by the enzyme folic acid reductase. By interfering with the reduction of folic acid, methotrexate interferes with tissue cell reproduction. Generally, the most sensitive cells to the antimetabolite effect of methotrexate are those cells which…

MERSYNDOL® with CODEINE Hoechst Marion Roussel Acetaminophen – Codeine Phosphate – Doxylamine Succinate Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Acetaminophen is the major metabolite of phenacetin and acetanilid. Acetaminophen is an effective and fast-acting analgesic which acts centrally to relieve mild to moderate pain. Animal and clinical studies have shown acetaminophen to have antipyretic and analgesic activity equal to that of ASA. Unlike the salicylates, acetaminophen does not interfere with tubular…