You searched for : 'E'

VERSED® Roche Midazolam Premedicant – Sedative – Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Adult and Pediatric: I.V. midazolam has been associated with respiratory depression and respiratory arrest, especially when used for sedation in noncritical care settings. In some cases, where this was not recognized promptly and treated effectively, death or hypoxic encephalopathy has resulted. I.V. midazolam should be used only in hospital or ambulatory care settings that provide for continuous…

VESANOID™ Roche All-trans Retinoic Acid Tretinoin Differentiation Inducing Agent Caution: All-trans retinoic acid should be administered to patients with APL only under the strict supervision of a physician who is experienced in the treatment of hematological/oncological diseases. Action And Clinical Pharmacology: All-trans retinoic acid is a natural metabolite of retinol and belongs to the class of compounds known as retinoids, which are structurally related to vitamin A and comprise natural…

VEXOL™ Alcon Rimexolone Corticosteroid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Rimexolone is an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid. Corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of inciting agents of a mechanical, chemical, or immunological nature. They inhibit edema, cellular infiltration, capillary dilatation, fibroblastic proliferation, deposition of collagen and late cicatrization. Corticosteroids are capable of producing a rise in intraocular pressure in susceptible individuals. Placebo-controlled clinical studies demonstrated that rimexolone ophthalmic suspension is efficacious for…

VELBE® Lilly Vinblastine Sulfate Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Vinblastine has been used for the palliative treatment of a variety of malignant neoplastic conditions. In susceptible clinical cases, vinblastine sulfate has produced temporary reduction in the size or temporary disappearance of some tumors. It has relieved pain and other symptoms and allowed some patients to regain appetite and weight. Periods of remission have varied from patient to patient. Experimental…

VENTOLIN® VENTODISK® VENTODISK® DISKHALER® VENTOLIN® ROTACAPS® VENTOLIN® ROTAHALER® VENTOLIN® RESPIRATOR SOLUTION VENTOLIN® NEBULES P.F. Glaxo Wellcome Salbutamol Bronchodilator – Beta2-adrenergic Stimulant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Salbutamol produces bronchodilation through stimulation of beta2-adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, thereby causing relaxation of bronchial muscle fibres. This action is manifested by an improvement in pulmonary function as demonstrated by spirometric measurements. At therapeutic doses, salbutamol has little action on the beta1-adrenergic receptors…

VEPESID® Bristol Etoposide Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Etoposide is a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin. In vitro, etoposide has cytostatic action, which prevents the cells from entering mitosis or destroys them in the premitotic phase. Etoposide interferes with the synthesis of DNA and has a secondary effect on arresting cells in resting (G2) phase in experiments with human lymphoblastic cell lines. Etoposide has a marked action on human hemopoietic cells…

VERELAN® Wyeth-Ayerst Verapamil HCl Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Verapamil is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (calcium entry blocker or calcium ion antagonist) which exerts its pharmacologic effects by modulating the influx of ionic calcium across the cell membrane of the arterial smooth muscle as well as in conductile and contractile myocardial cells. Verapamil exerts antihypertensive effects by inducing peripheral vasodilation and reducing peripheral vascular resistance usually without reflex tachycardia….

VASOPRESSIN INJECTION Pharmaceutical Partners Antidiuretic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The antidiuretic action of vasopressin is ascribed to increasing reabsorption of water by the renal tubules. Vasopressin can cause contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract and of all parts of the vascular bed especially the capillaries, small arterioles and venules with less effect on the smooth musculature of the large veins. The direct effect on the contractile elements…

VASOTEC® VASOTEC® I.V. Frosst Enalapril Maleate Enalaprilat Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor which is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. Enalaprilat is an active metabolite of enalapril and is used in the treatment of hypertension. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. After absorption, enalapril,…

VASOXYL® Glaxo Wellcome Methoxamine HCl Vasopressor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Methoxamine is an alpha-receptor stimulant which produces a prompt and prolonged rise in blood pressure following parenteral administration. It acts by exclusively stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors and hence causes vasoconstriction. Raised arterial pressure stimulates reflex vagal inhibitory effects on the heart, and it is by this effect that methoxamine curtails supraventricular tachycardia. The major pharmacological effect of methoxamine is a potent,…