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IMITREX® Injection/Tablets IMITREX® Nasal Spray Glaxo Wellcome Sumatriptan Succinate Sumatriptan Migraine Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Sumatriptan has been shown to be effective in relieving migraine headache. It is an agonist for a vascular 5-hydroxytryptamine1D (5-HT1D) receptor subtype (a member of the 5-HT1 family), and has only weak affinity for 5-HT1A receptors and no significant activity (as measured using standard radioligand binding assays) or pharmacological activity at 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4,…

ILOSONE® Lilly Erythromycin Estolate Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Erythromycin exerts its antibacterial action by binding the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria and suppressing protein synthesis. Erythromycin is usually bacteriostatic but may be bactericidal in high concentrations or against highly susceptible organisms. Indications And Clinical Uses: For the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the diseases listed below: Upper respiratory tract infections of…

HYZAAR® MSD Losartan Potassium – Hydrochlorothiazide Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist – Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hyzaar combines the actions of losartan potassium, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and that of a thiazide diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide. Losartan: Losartan antagonizes angiotensin II by blocking the angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor. Angiotensin II is the primary vasoactive hormone of the renin-angiotensin system. Its effects include vasoconstriction and the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by…

IDAMYCIN® Pharmacia & Upjohn Idarubicin HCl Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Idarubicin, either as a single agent or in combination, has been shown to be a potent antileukemic agent capable of inducing complete remission in previously untreated and in relapsed and refractory acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) including resistant patients, and in adult and pediatric relapsed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Idarubicin is a DNA-intercalating analog of daunorubicin which has…

IDARAC® Sanofi Floctafenine Anti-inflammatory – Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Floctafenine, an anthranilic acid derivative, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. The analgesic activity is comparable to that of other mild analgesics in the relief of acute pain. Floctafenine has been shown to inhibit in vitro biosynthesis of prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2a. Gastrointestinal bleeding determined by daily fecal blood loss, was shown in one clinical trial…

HYTRIN® Abbott Terazosin HCl Antihypertensive – Symptomatic Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hypertension: The antihypertensive effect of terazosin is believed to be a direct result of peripheral vasodilation. Although the exact mechanism by which the lowering of blood pressure is achieved is not known, the relaxation of the vessels appears to be produced mainly by selective blockade of alpha-1-adrenoceptors. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): The reduction…

HYTAKEROL® Sanofi Dihydrotachysterol Antitetany Steroid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dihydrotachysterol is hydroxylated in the liver to 25-hydroxydihydrotachysterol, which is the major circulating active form of the drug. It does not undergo further hydroxylation by the kidney and therefore is the analogue of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Dihydrotachysterol is effective in the elevation of serum calcium by stimulating intestinal calcium absorption and mobilizing bone calcium in the absence of parathyroid hormone and of…

HYDROMORPH CONTIN® Purdue Frederick Hydromorphone HCl Opioid Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hydromorphone, a semi-synthetic opioid agonist, is a hydrogenated ketone of morphine and shares the pharmacologic properties typical of opioid analgesics. Hydromorphone and related opioids produce their major effects on the CNS and gastrointestinal tract. These include analgesia, drowsiness, mental clouding, changes in mood, euphoria or dysphoria, respiratory depression, cough suppression, decreased gastrointestinal motility, nausea, vomiting, increased cerebrospinal fluid…

HYGROTON® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Chlorthalidone Diuretic – Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Chlorthalidone inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal renal tubule thus promoting water loss. The higher urine volume increases potassium loss. Little information is available on the absorption of the drug. Its long elimination half-life and clinical experience place it as a long-acting thiazide derivative. This may not be important clinically because the biological effects of thiazides…

HYDREA® Squibb Hydroxyurea Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Neoplastic Disease. The precise mechanism by which hydroxyurea produces its antineoplastic effects cannot, at present, be described. However, the reports of various studies in rat and human tissue cultures lend support to the hypothesis that hydroxyurea causes an immediate inhibition of DNA synthesis, by acting as a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, without interfering with the synthesis of ribonucleic acid or of protein….