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FORADIL® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Formoterol Fumarate Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Formoterol is a potent selective long-acting (12 hours) b2-adrenergic stimulant. It exerts a bronchodilator effect in patients with reversible airways obstruction. The effect is seen within 1 to 3 minutes and is still significant 12 hours after inhalation. Single dose studies have shown that formoterol is effective in preventing bronchospasm induced by allergen, exercise, cold air, histamine or methacholine challenge….

FOLLOW-UP® Nestlé, Carnation Infant Formula Indications And Clinical Uses: A cow’s milk based, iron fortified formula designed to meet the nutritional needs of babies from 6 to 12 months of age who are already eating baby foods. Follow-Up Formula is designed to be the liquid portion of a 6 to 12 month old baby’s diet. It is a nutritionally superior alternative to cow’s milk for the older baby. Follow-Up Formula…

FORANE® Zeneca Isoflurane Inhalation Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Isoflurane is an inhalation anesthetic whose low solubility (blood/gas partition coefficient equals 1.4), permits a rapid induction of and recovery from anesthesia. The mild pungency of isoflurane may limit the rate of induction, although excessive salivation or tracheobronchial secretions do not appear to be stimulated. The level of anesthesia may be changed rapidly with isoflurane. Pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes are readily…

FLUVIRAL S/F® BioChem Vaccines Whole-Virion and Split-Virion Influenza Virus Vaccine, Inactivated Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fluviral S/F, split-virion influenza vaccine, promotes an active immunization against influenza. Within 7 days after injection of the vaccine there is an increase in circulating antibody to the viral hemagglutination, and peripheral blood lymphocytes are primed to respond to in vitro stimulation by vaccine antigens. I.M. injection of inactivated vaccine leads to…

FLUVIRAL® BioChem Vaccines Influenza Virus Vaccine Trivalent, Inactivated Whole-Virion Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fluviral whole virion influenza vaccine, promotes an active immunization against influenza. Within 7 days after injection of the vaccine there is an increase in circulating antibody to the viral hemagglutination, and peripheral blood lymphocytes are primed to respond to in vitro stimulation by vaccine antigens. I.M. injection of inactivated vaccine leads to the presence…

FLUDARA® Berlex Canada Fludarabine Phosphate Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fludarabine is a fluorinated analog of adenine that is relatively resistant to deamination by adenosine deaminase. Fludarabine (2F-ara-AMP) is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A (2F-ara-A) and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active 2-fluoro-ara-ATP (2F-ara-ATP). The antitumor activity of this metabolite is the result of inhibition of DNA synthesis via inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase a. Maximum…

FLUPHENAZINE General Monograph Antipsychotic Pharmacology: Fluphenazine is a short-acting piperazine phenothiazine. Phenothiazines are thought to elicit their antipsychotic effects via interference with central dopaminergic pathways in the mesolimbic zone of the brain. Extrapyramidal side effects are a result of interaction with dopaminergic pathways in the basal ganglia. Fluphenazine has alpha adrenergic blocking activity and can cause orthostatic hypotension. Compared to other phenothiazines, fluphenazine has weak anticholinergic, sedative and hypotensive activity,…

FLOLAN® Glaxo Wellcome Epoprostenol Sodium Vasodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Epoprostenol, also known as prostacyclin, PGl2 or PGX, a metabolite of arachidonic acid, is a naturally occurring prostaglandin. Epoprostenol has two major pharmacological actions: (1) direct vasodilation of pulmonary and systemic arterial vascular beds, and (2) inhibition of platelet aggregation. In animals, the vasodilatory effects of epoprostenol reduce right and left ventricular afterload and increase cardiac output and stroke volume….

FLEET ENEMA® FLEET ENEMA® Mineral Oil Johnson & Johnson Merck Sodium Phosphates Mineral Oil Laxative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fleet Enema: Useful as a laxative in the relief of constipation, and as a bowel evacuant for a variety of diagnostic, surgical and therapeutic indications. Dibasic sodium phosphate and monobasic sodium phosphate are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and retain water in the lumen of the intestine. When administered rectally…

FLEET® PHOSPHO®-SODA Johnson & Johnson• Merck Sodium Phosphates Laxative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Depending on dosage, sodium phosphates oral solution is useful as a laxative in the relief of constipation, or as a bowel evacuant for a variety of diagnostic, surgical and therapeutic indications. Dibasic sodium phosphate and monobasic sodium phosphate are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and retain water in the lumen of the intestine. When administered orally,…