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ETRAFON® Preparations Schering Amitriptyline HCl – Perphenazine Antidepressant – Antipsychotic Indications And Clinical Uses: The treatment of patients with anxious or agitated depression. Particularly indicated in patients with depression associated with marked psychomotor unrest and anxiety. Etrafon has also been used in some schizophrenic patients who have associated symptoms of depression and in depressed patients suffering from marked agitation, anxiety and tension, which may respond to a phenothiazine agent. Contraindications,…

EUFLEX® Schering Flutamide Nonsteroidal Antiandrogen Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Flutamide demonstrates potent antiandrogenic effects by inhibiting androgen uptake and/or inhibiting nuclear binding of androgen in target tissues. In adult male rats, ventral prostate weights and seminal vesicle weights were markedly reduced by daily administration of flutamide. Indications And Clinical Uses: For use in combination with LHRH agonistic analogues (such as leuprolide acetate) for the treatment of metastatic prostatic carcinoma (Stage…

ETHRANE® Zeneca Enflurane  Inhalation Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Enflurane is an inhalation anesthetic. Induction and recovery from anesthesia with enflurane are rapid. Enflurane does not appear to stimulate excessive salivation or tracheabronchial secretions, or affect bronchomotor tone. Pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes are readily obtunded. The level of anesthesia changes rapidly, which would be predicted based upon its Oswald partition coefficients. Enflurane reduces ventilation as depth of anesthesia increases. This…

ETHYOL® Lilly Amifostine Cytoprotective Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Amifostine is a prodrug that is dephosphorylated to a pharmacologically active metabolite, the free thiol (WR-1065), at the tissue site by membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase. The ability of amifostine to selectively protect normal tissues is based upon the differential metabolism and uptake of the free thiol into normal versus malignant tissues. This differential effect is attributed to the higher capillary alkaline phosphatase…

ETOPOSIDE INJECTION Novopharm Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Etoposide is a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin. Etoposide exhibits cytostatic activity in vitro by preventing cells from entering mitosis or by destroying them at a premitotic stage. Etoposide interferes with the synthesis of DNA and appears to arrest human lymphoblastic cells in the late S-G2 phases of the cell cycle. The effects of etoposide on the human hematopoietic system are substantial. The…

ESTRADERM® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Estradiol-17b Estrogen Description: Estraderm is a thin, round, multilayer, transparent transdermal therapeutic system, i.e., an adhesive patch, containing estradiol-17b that is designed for application to an area of intact skin. The Estraderm patch comprises 5 layers. Proceeding from the visible surface toward the surface attached to the skin, these layers are: 1. a transparent polyester backing film; 2. a drug reservoir of estradiol-17b and ethanol gelled with…

ESTRING® Pharmacia & Upjohn Estradiol Estrogen Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Estring is a slightly opaque ring with a whitish core containing a drug reservoir of 2 mg estradiol. Estradiol, silicone polymers and barium sulfate are combined to form the ring. When placed in the vagina, Estring releases estradiol, approximately 7.5 g/24 hours, in a consistent stable manner over 90 days. Estring has the following dimensions: outer diameter 55 mm; cross-sectional…

ERGOMAR® Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Ergotamine Tartrate Migraine Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The pharmacological properties of ergotamine are extremely complex; some of its actions are unrelated to each other, and even mutually antagonistic. Ergotamine: Has partial agonist and/or antagonist activity against tryptaminergic, dopaminergic and alpha adrenergic receptors depending upon their site; is a highly active uterine stimulant; it causes constriction of peripheral and cranial blood vessels and produces depression of central…

ESTINYL® Schering Ethinyl Estradiol Estrogen Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ethinyl estradiol promotes growth of the endometrium; promotes thickening, stratification and cornification of the vagina. It causes enlargement of the ducts of the mammary glands and promotes the development of secondary female sex characteristics. Ethinyl estradiol inhibits pituitary gonadotropin secretion probably via action on the hypothalamus. Similar to other estrogens it influences calcium and phosphorus metabolism, possesses some anabolic action on…

EPIVAL® EPIJECT® I.V. Abbott Divalproex Sodium Valproic Acid Anticonvulsant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Divalproex has anticonvulsant properties, and is chemically related to valproic acid. Divalproex dissociates to the valproate ion in the gastrointestinal tract. Although its mechanism of action has not yet been established, it has been suggested that its activity in epilepsy is related to increased brain concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The effect on the neuronal membrane is…