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LASIX® Hoechst Marion Roussel Furosemide Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Animal experiments using stop-flow and micropuncture techniques have demonstrated that furosemide inhibits sodium reabsorption in the ascending limb of Henle’s loop as well as in both proximal and distal tubules. The action of furosemide on the distal tubule is independent of any inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase or aldosterone. Furosemide may promote diuresis in cases which have previously proved resistant…

LAMISIL® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Terbinafine HCl Antifungal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Terbinafine is an allylamine which has a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. At low concentrations terbinafine is fungicidal against dermatophytes, molds and certain dimorphic fungi. The activity against yeasts is fungicidal or fungistatic, depending on the species. Terbinafine interferes specifically with fungal sterol biosynthesis by inhibition of squalene epoxidase in the fungal cell membrane. This leads to a deficiency in…

LANOHEX® SKIN CLEANSER Rougier Phenoxetol Antibacterial Skin Cleanser Indications And Clinical Uses: An all-purpose skin cleanser for personal hygiene, diaper rash and acne treatment as well as folliculitis and impetigo. Precautions: If a mild irritation appears discontinue use for a few days. Apply an emollient lotion, and resume using this product. Avoid scrubbing. During extremely cold or extremely dry weather, the auxiliary use of an emollient cream or lotion is…

LANOXIN® Glaxo Wellcome Digoxin Cardiotonic Glycoside Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The influence of digitalis glycosides on the myocardium is dose related, and involves both direct action on cardiac muscle and the specialized conduction system, and indirect actions on cardiovascular system mediated by the autonomic nervous system. The indirect actions mediated by the autonomic nervous system involve a vagomimetic action, which is responsible for the effects of digitalis on the sinoatrial…

JE-VAX® Connaught Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inactivated Active Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Japanese encephalitis (JE), a mosquito-borne arboviral Flavivirus infection is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. Infection leads to overt encephalitis in only 1 of 20 to 1 000 cases. Encephalitis usually is severe, resulting in a fatal outcome in 25% of cases and residual neuropsychiatric sequelae in 50% of cases. JE acquired during the…

ISOTREX® Stiefel Isotretinoin Acne Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Isotretinoin is a drug known to improve cystic acne when taken orally. It has also shown similar activity when used for treating less severe forms of acne. While its mechanism of action is not known, studies have shown that oral isotretinoin can decrease sebum secretion and sebaceous gland size. It also affects the keratinization of the stratum corneum. These processes are…

IVEEGAM IMMUNO® Baxter Immune Globulin (Human), I.V. Passive Immunizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Immune globulin for i.m. use is known to cause anaphylactoid reactions when given i.v. Osterreichisches Institut f¼r Haemoderivate has developed animal models which permit the testing of a preparation’s potential for causing anaphylactoid reactions. The tests have shown that hypotensive, leukopenic, and bronchospastic substances are present in Cohn Fraction II, which is used for the preparation…

ISORDIL® Wyeth-Ayerst Isosorbide Dinitrate Coronary Vasodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The basic action of isosorbide dinitrate is the relaxation of smooth muscle. Relaxation of peripheral vascular smooth muscle and pooling results in the reduction of preload and afterload on the left ventricle. The effect of the long acting nitrate appears to be mainly peripheral. Although isosorbide dinitrate dilates the coronary arteries there is no incontrovertible evidence that it relieves ischemic…

ISOPRINOSINE® Rivex Pharma Inosiplex Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mechanism(s) that might explain the results of the clinical studies employing inosiplex have not been completely elucidated. However, possible antiviral and immunomodulating properties of this drug may be involved. Serum uric acid concentration rose with increasing inosiplex doses. Hyperuricemic levels (greater than 7.5 mg%) were seen at doses equal to or exceeding 3 g/day. At doses of 4…

ISOMIL® Preparations Abbott Milk-Free Formula Nutritional Formula Indications And Clinical Uses: For infants and children with an allergy or sensitivity to cow’s milk. A feeding following diarrhea. A feeding for patients with disorders for which lactose should be avoided: lactase deficiency, lactose intolerance and galactosemia. Precautions: Shake can well before opening. Shake bottle well before feeding. Dosage: The number of mL to be offered to the baby in 24 hours…