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QUINIDINE General Monograph, Quinidine Antiarrhythmic – Antimalarial Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Quinidine is a class IA antiarrhythmic agent according to the Vaughan-Williams classification. It depresses most cardiac tissues by a direct action on cardiac cells. Quinidine depresses the rapid inward depolarizing sodium current, thereby reducing the amplitude of the action potential without affecting the resting potential. The slope of the slow depolarization phase of Purkinje fibres is reduced, and the…

PRINIVIL® MSD Lisinopril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor which is used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure and following myocardial infarction in hemodynamically stable patients. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to increased plasma…

PRO-BANTHINE® Roberts Propantheline Bromide Anticholinergic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Propantheline bromide is a synthetic quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent which inhibits gastrointestinal motility and spasm and diminishes gastric acid secretion. The drug also inhibits the action of acetylcholine at the postganglionic nerve endings of the parasympathetic nervous system. Its effects are similar to those of atropine although they last longer (6 hours). The antispasmodic effects on the gastrointestinal tract may occur…

PRIMAQUINE Sanofi Primaquine Phosphate Antimalarial Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Primaquine is an 8-aminoquinoline compound which eliminates tissue (exo-erythrocytic) infection. Thereby, it prevents the development of the erythrocytic forms of the parasite which are responsible for relapses in vivax and ovale malaria. Primaquine phosphate is also active against gametocytes of P. falciparum. Indications And Clinical Uses: For the radical cure (prevention of relapse) of vivax and ovale malaria. Contra-Indications: In acutely…

PRESUN® SUNBLOCK 28 Westwood-Squibb Titanium Dioxide Sunscreen Indications And Clinical Uses: A waterproof, titanium dioxide sunscreen which physically blocks UVA and UVB rays and does not contain PABA or other chemical-sensitizing sunscreens. This broad spectrum, fragrance-free product is ideally suited for sensitive skin. This product is appropriate for daily sunscreen use for the whole family. Precautions: For external use only. If irritation or rash develops, discontinue use. Use on children…

PREPIDIL® GEL Pharmacia & Upjohn Dinoprostone Prostaglandin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dinoprostone gel, which contains a prostaglandin E2 analogue as the active ingredient, causes cervical ripening preparatory to the onset of labor when it is administered endocervically. Although the local effects of prostaglandin E2 on cervical maturation is not specifically known, experimental data indicates the drug enhances cervical hemodynamics which in turn promotes ripening of the cervix. Indications And Clinical…

PRESSYN® Ferring Vasopressin Antidiuretic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Vasopressin is a synthetic water-soluble pressor principle identical in sequence to lysine vasopressin. Vasopressin exerts its antidiuretic action by increasing the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules. The drug can also cause contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract and all parts of the vascular beds, especially the capillaries, small arterioles, and venules, with less effect on the smooth…

POTASSIUM SALTS General Monograph, Potassium Replacement Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Potassium is the principal intracellular ion of body tissues. Potassium ions are involved in a number of essential physiological processes, such as the maintenance of intracellular acid-base balance and tonicity. Other functions include the transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle, gastric secretion, normal renal function, tissue synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Hypokalemia: Potassium depletion may…

PORTAGEN® Mead Johnson Therapeutic Nutrient Description: A nutritionally complete formulated liquid diet which contains medium chain triglycerides. Indications And Clinical Uses: For use in the nutritional management of individuals who do not efficiently digest and absorb conventional long chain food fats. For use in pancreatic insufficiency, bile acid deficiency, intestinal resection, lymphatic anomalies, steatorrhea. Precautions: The usual intake of water should be maintained when Portagen beverage is used as the…

POLYSPORIN® Preparations Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Polymyxin B Sulfate – Gramicidin or Bacitracin Antibiotic Indications And Clinical Uses: Cream: Infection in dermatologic disorders particularly where the lesions are moist or weeping. Prophylactically, against bacterial contamination in burns, skin grafts, incisions and other clean lesions. For abrasions, minor cuts and wounds, the cream may prevent infection and permit normal healing. Eye/Ear Drops: For external infections of the eye and ear when due…