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POLYTRIM™ Allergan Trimethoprim Sulfate – Polymyxin B Sulfate Antibacterial Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: When used topically, trimethoprim and polymyxin B are rarely sensitizing and absorption through intact skin and mucous membrane is insignificant. Blood samples were obtained from 11 human volunteers at 20 minutes, 1 hour and 3 hours following instillation of 2 drops of a solution containing 1 mg trimethoprim and 10 000 units of polymyxin B/mL. On…

POLLINEX®-R Bencard Modified Ragweed Tyrosine Adsorbate Vaccine Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pollinex-R is an aqueous extract of short ragweed pollen (Ambrosia elatior) chemically modified with gluteraldehyde adsorbed onto tyrosine and then suspended in saline. The exact mode of therapeutic action of Pollinex-R, as with other allergy vaccines, is unknown. It has been proposed the elevation of IgG blocking antibodies may interfere with the immediate hypersensitivity reaction of patients exposed to…

PODOFILM® Pharmascience Podophyllum Resin Wart Remover Indications And Clinical Uses: For the removal of benign epithelial growths such as venereal warts (condylomata acuminata), common warts (verruca vulgaris), and benign papillomas such as granuloma inguinale and plantar warts. Contra-Indications: Hypersensitivity to podophyllin. The consumption of alcoholic beverages for several hours after treatment, is to be avoided. Precautions: Podophyllin is an extremely potent vesicant and is to be applied only by the…

PLENDIL® Astra Felodipine Antihypertensive Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Felodipine is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (calcium channel blocker). Felodipine is a member of the dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers. Mechanism of Action: The therapeutic effect of this group of drugs is believed to be related to their specific cellular action of selectively inhibiting transmembrane influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle. The contractile processes…

PLASBUMIN®-5 Bayer Albumin (Human) Plasma Substitute/Blood Derivative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Albumin (human) 5% is oncotically equivalent volume for volume to normal human plasma. When administered i.v. to an adequately hydrated subject, the oncotic (colloid osmotic) effect of Albumin (Human) 5% is to expand the circulating blood volume by an amount approximately equal to the volume infused. It is primarily used in the treatment of shock associated with hemorrhage, surgery,…

PLASBUMIN®-25 Bayer Albumin (Human) Plasma Substitute/Blood Derivative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Each 20 mL vial of albumin (human) 25% supplies the oncotic equivalent of approximately 100 mL citrated plasma; 50 mL supplies the oncotic equivalent of approximately 250 mL citrated plasma. When administered i.v. to an adequately hydrated subject, the oncotic (colloid osmotic) effect of 20 mL albumin (human) 25% is such that it will draw approximately a further 70…

PIPORTIL L4® Rh´ne-Poulenc Rorer Pipotiazine Palmitate Antipsychotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pipotiazine palmitate is the palmitic ester of pipotiazine, a piperidine phenothiazine with antipsychotic properties and weak sedative activity with prolonged duration of action. The onset of action appears usually within the first 2 to 3 days after injection and the effects of the drug on psychotic symptoms are significant within 1 week. Improvement in symptomatology lasts from 3 to…

PHOSPHATES SOLUTION Pharmascience Sodium Phosphates Laxative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Depending on dosage, sodium phosphates oral solution is useful as a laxative in the relief of constipation, or as a bowel evacuant for a variety of diagnostic, surgical and therapeutic indications. Dibasic sodium phosphate and monobasic sodium phosphate are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and retain water in the lumen of the intestine. When administered orally, they produce a…

PHOTOFRIN® Ligand Porfimer Sodium Antineoplastic Photosensitizing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: The cytotoxic and antitumor actions of porfimer sodium are light and oxygen dependent. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with porfimer sodium is a 2 stage process. The first stage is the i.v. injection of porfimer sodium. Clearance from a variety of tissues occurs over 40 to 72 hours; but tumor, skin, and organs of the reticuloendothelial system (including liver and…

PHENYTOIN General Monograph, Diphenylhydantoin Anticonvulsant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant which elevates the seizure threshold in the motor cortex by limiting the post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) of synaptic transmission. It exerts this effect by preventing the excessive accumulation of intracellular sodium during tetanic stimulation by either reducing the passive influx of sodium or increasing the efficiency of the sodium pump. By limiting PTP, phenytoin prevents the spread of…