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BILTRICIDE® Bayer Praziquantel Anthelmintic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: Praziquantel induces a rapid contraction of schistosomes by a specific effect on the permeability of the cell membrane. The drug further causes vacuolization and disintegration of the schistosome tegument. The effect is more marked on adult worms compared to young worms. An increased calcium influx may play an important role. Secondary effects are inhibition of glucose uptake, lowering of…

BIONET® Carter Horner Benzocaine – Bicetonium Local Anti-infective – Analgesic Indications And Clinical Uses: The symptomatic treatment of mild infection and relief of pain in gum, pharyngeal, tonsillar and other oral disorders such as aphthous ulcers, stomatitis and gingivitis. May also be used postoperatively in tonsillectomy, dental surgery and tooth extraction. Contra-Indications: Benzocaine sensitivity. Precautions: Severe or persistent sore throat accompanied by high fever, headache, nausea and vomiting may be…

BICILLIN® L-A Wyeth-Ayerst Penicillin G Benzathine Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Actions: Penicillin G exerts a bactericidal action against penicillin-sensitive microorganisms during the stage of active multiplication. It acts through the inhibition of biosynthesis of cell-wall mucopeptide. It is not active against the penicillinase-producing bacteria, which include many strains of staphylococci. Penicillin G exerts high in vitro activity against staphylococci (except penicillinase-producing strains), streptococci (Groups A,C,G,H,L and M) and pneumococci….

BICHLORACETIC ACID® Glenwood Dichloroacetic Acid Escharotic – Keratolytic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dichloroacetic acid rapidly penetrates and cauterizes skin, keratin and other tissues. Its cauterizing effect is comparable to that obtained with such methods as electrocautery or freezing. Indications And Clinical Uses: For all types of verrucae; calluses; hard and soft corns; xanthoma palpebrarum; seborrheic keratoses; ingrown nails; cysts and benign erosion of the cervix including endocervicitis; epistaxis. Contra-Indications: Should…

BiCNU® Bristol Carmustine Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Carmustine alkylates DNA and RNA and has been shown to inhibit several enzymes by carbamoylation of amino acids in proteins. In a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments with formate 4, adenine-8-4 and DL-leucine-4,5-, Wheeler and Bowdon obtained results indicating that carmustine interferes with the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides and with the conversion of purine nucleotides to…

BIAXIN® Abbott Clarithromycin Antibiotic Note: When used in combination with acid antisecretory drugs and other antimicrobials for the eradication of helicobacter pylori, the product monograph for those agents should be consulted. Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Clarithromycin exerts its antibacterial action by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria and suppressing protein synthesis. Eradication of H. pylori: H. pylori is now established as a major etiological factor in…

BETALOC® BETALOC® DURULES® Astra Metoprolol Tartrate b-Adrenoceptor Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Metoprolol is a b-adrenoceptor blocking agent. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that it has a preferential effect on b1-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in cardiac muscle. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher doses, metoprolol also inhibits b2-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature. It is used in the treatment…

BETOPTIC® S Alcon Betaxolol HCl Antiglaucoma Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Betaxolol is a cardioselective (beta-1-adrenergic) receptor blocking agent. It does not have significant membrane-stabilizing (local anesthetic) activity and is devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic action. Ocular: When instilled in the eye, betaxolol reduces elevated as well as normal intraocular pressure, whether or not accompanied by glaucoma. When used as a solution, the onset of action occurs within 30 minutes and…

BETADINE® Topical Preparations Purdue Frederick Povidone-Iodine Antiseptic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Betadine is iodine complexed with povidone (polyvinyl-pyrrolidone). The compound is soluble in water forming a golden brown solution. Like iodine, the solution of the iodine complex is bactericidal, fungicidal, virucidal and trichomonacidal. However, unlike solutions of iodine, it is non-staining to natural fabrics. The antiseptic action of povidone-iodine is due to the available iodine present in the complex. Indications…

BEROTEC® Inhalation Aerosol BEROTEC® FORTE Inhalation Aerosol Boehringer Ingelheim Fenoterol HBr Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The bronchodilating effect of fenoterol is produced primarily by stimulation of b2 receptors in the bronchial smooth muscles. The effect has been measured by means of spirometry (FEV1, FVC, MMFR), peak flow rates, flow volume curves, airway resistance (plethysmography) and oscillation mechanics. Fenoterol, when administered by inhalation, exerts a significant increase in pulmonary function…