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AURALGAN® Whitehall-Robins Antipyrine – Benzocaine Analgesic – Antiphlogistic Indications And Clinical Uses: As an analgesic and decongestant for pain and inflammation in the ear, swimmer’s ear; adjunctive treatment of otitis media. Contra-Indications: Hypersensitivity to any of the components. Precautions: Do not rinse dropper with water. Keep dry. Keep well closed. Dosage: Warm Auralgan slightly and fill ear canal. Saturate cotton plug with Auralgan and insert in ear. Repeat several times…

AVAPRO™ Bristol-Myers Squibb/Sanofi Canada Irbesartan Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Blocker Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Irbesartan antagonizes angiotensin II by blocking AT1 receptors. Angiotensin II is the primary vasoactive hormone in the renin-angiotensin system. Its effects include vasoconstriction and the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Irbesartan blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking in a noncompetitive manner the binding of angiotensin II to…

ATIVAN® Wyeth-Ayerst Lorazepam Anxiolytic – Sedative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine with CNS depressant, anxiolytic and sedative properties. Lorazepam has also been shown to possess anticonvulsant activity. Peak plasma concentrations of free lorazepam after oral administration are reached at 2 hours (range 1 to 6 hours). Peak concentrations are reached in 60 to 90 minutes after i.m. administration and in 60 minutes after sublingual administration. Lorazepam is…

ATROPINE SULFATE INJECTION USP Astra Atropine Sulfate Parasympatholytic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Atropine is commonly classified as an anticholinergic or antiparasympathetic (parasympatholytic) drug. More precisely, however, it is termed an antimuscarinic agent since it antagonizes the muscarine-like actions of acetylcholine and other choline esters. Atropine inhibits the muscarinic actions of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves, and on smooth muscles which respond to endogenous acetylcholine but are not…

ATRACURIUM BESYLATE INJECTION Faulding I.V. Skeletal Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Atracurium is a nondepolarizing, intermediate-duration, skeletal neuromuscular blocking agent. Nondepolarizing agents antagonize the neurotransmitter action of acetylcholine by binding competitively to cholinergic receptor sites on the motor endplate. This antagonism is inhibited, and neuromuscular block reversed by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as neostigmine, edrophonium and pyridostigmine. The duration of neuromuscular blockade produced by atracurium is approximately one-third to…

ATASOL®-8, -15, -30 Carter Horner Acetaminophen – Codeine Phosphate – Caffeine Citrate Analgesic – Antipyretic Indications And Clinical Uses: The relief of mild to moderate pain of various causes as in headache, migraine, dental pain, dysmenorrhea, myalgias and neuralgias. As an antipyretic when fever accompanies painful conditions. Contra-Indications: Acetaminophen and/or codeine hypersensitivity. Precautions: See Atasol Preparations. Adverse Reactions: Codeine: Adverse reactions due to codeine phosphate may include drowsiness, nausea, vomiting…

ATGAM® Pharmacia & Upjohn Lymphocyte Immune Globulin – Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (Equine) Immunosuppressant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Atgam is the purified, concentrated, and sterile gamma globulin, primarily monomeric IgG, from hyperimmune plasma of horses immunized with human thymus lymphocytes. Atgam is a lymphocyte-selective immunosuppressant as is demonstrated by its ability to reduce the number of circulating, thymus-dependent lymphocytes that form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. This antilymphocyte effect is believed to reflect…

ATASOL® Preparations Carter Horner Acetaminophen Analgesic – Antipyretic Indications And Clinical Uses: As an analgesic for the relief of pain in headache, dysmenorrhea, myalgias and neuralgias; arthritis, sprains, toothache, and fever caused by cold or flu. As an antipyretic when fever accompanies painful conditions. Contra-Indications: Acetaminophen hypersensitivity. Precautions: The incidence of gastrointestinal upset is less than after salicylate administration. If a rare sensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue the drug. Hypersensitivity to…

ASPIRIN® BACKACHE Bayer Consumer ASA – Methocarbamol Analgesic – Muscle Relaxant Indications And Clinical Uses: Provides effective relief of back pain by reducing muscle spasms and relaxing tense back and neck muscles, thereby increasing mobility. Precautions: Consult a physician or pharmacist before taking this medication if you: have a predisposition to asthma, stomach problems, peptic ulcer, severe liver disease, gout, severe anemia or allergy to salicylates; have a history of…

ASTRACAINE® ASTRACAINE® FORTE Astra Articaine HCl – Epinephrine Local Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Articaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. As with other local anesthetics, it prevents the generation and conduction of the nerve impulse by interfering with the large transient increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions. Epinephrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vasculature of the mucous membranes to produce vasoconstriction, thereby…