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ZOFRAN® Glaxo Wellcome Ondansetron HCl Dihydrate Antiemetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ondansetron is a selective antagonist of the serotonin receptor subtype, 5-HT3. Its precise mode of action in the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is not known. Cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy are associated with the release of serotonin (5-HT) from enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine, presumably initiating a vomiting reflex through stimulation of 5-HT3 receptors located on vagal…

ZOCOR® Frosst Simvastatin Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Simvastatin is a cholesterol-lowering agent derived synthetically from a fermentation product of A. terreus. After oral ingestion, simvastatin, which is an inactive lactone, is hydrolyzed to the corresponding b-hydroxyacid form. This principal metabolite is a specific inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, which is an early and rate-limiting step in the…

ZETAR® Preparations Dermik Laboratories Canada Coal Tar Antipsoriatic – Eczema Therapy Indications And Clinical Uses: A therapeutic aid in the treatment of psoriasis and other tar-responsive dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis; lichen simplex chronicus, seborrheic dermatitis, dandruff and nummular eczema. Emulsion: For use in the bath when extensive tar therapy is desired; Shampoo: Psoriasis, seborrhea dandruff, cradle cap, and other oily, itchy scalp conditions. Contra-Indications: Acute inflammation, open or infected…

ZILACTIN® ZILACTIN-B® ZILACTIN Baby® ZILACTIN-L® ZILACTIN-Lip® Zila Pharmaceuticals Benzyl Alcohol Benzocaine Benzocaine Lidocaine Octyl Methoxycinnamate – Homosalate – Oxybenzone – Dimethicone – Menthol Protective – Topical Analgesic – Emollient Preparation Indications And Clinical Uses: Zilactin: Zilactin medicated gel relieves pain and speeds healing of canker sores, fever blisters and cold sores. Zilactin forms a tenacious, occlusive film on the oral mucosa that holds the medication in place. The film can…

ZINCOFAX® Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare Zinc Oxide Skin Protective Indications And Clinical Uses: Prevents and treats diaper rash. Precautions: Information for the Patient: For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes; if this occurs, rinse thoroughly with water. If an adverse reaction or irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult your physician. Symptoms And Treatment Of Overdose: Symptoms: If excessive amounts are ingested, vomiting and diarrhea may occur. Treatment: Supportive. Dosage And…

ZINECARD™ Pharmacia & Upjohn Dexrazoxane Cardioprotective Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dexrazoxane is a cyclic derivative of EDTA which, unlike EDTA, readily penetrates cell membranes. Dexrazoxane was shown to be able to protect the myocardium from anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. The mechanism by which dexrazoxane exerts its cardioprotective activity is not fully understood. Results of laboratory studies suggest that dexrazoxane is converted intracellularly to an open-ringed chelating agent which interferes with iron-mediated…

ZESTORETIC® Zeneca Lisinopril – Hydrochlorothiazide Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor – Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Zestoretic combines the action of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, and a diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide. Lisinopril: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to increased plasma renin activity (due to…

ZESTRIL® Zeneca Lisinopril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor which is used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure and following myocardial infarction in hemodynamically stable patients. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to increased plasma…

ZANTAC® Glaxo Wellcome Ranitidine HCl Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ranitidine is an antagonist of histamine at gastric H2 receptor sites. Thus ranitidine inhibits both basal gastric secretion and gastric acid secretion induced by histamine, pentagastrin and other secretagogues. On a weight basis, ranitidine is between 4 and 9 times more potent than cimetidine. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion has been observed following i.v., intraduodenal and oral…

ZAROXOLYN® Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Metolazone Diuretic – Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Metolazone is a quinazoline diuretic/antihypertensive agent. The action of metolazone is to interfere with the renal tubular mechanism of electrolyte reabsorption. The mechanism of this action is unknown. Metolazone acts primarily to inhibit sodium reabsorption at the cortical diluting site and in the proximal convoluted tubule. Sodium and chloride ions are excreted in approximately equivalent amounts. The increased delivery…