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General Illness Information Common Name: Cushing’s Disease, Cushing’s syndrome. Medical Term: Cushing’s Disease, Cushing’s syndrome Description: Clinical abnormalities associated with chronic exposure to excessive amounts of cortisol. Causes: The most frequent cause is prolonged use of  steroid medications (Cortisone, or ACTH). Other causes: ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor; Ectopic ACTH production (e.g., small-cell carcinoma of lung, bronchial carcinoid); Endogenous ACTH-independent hypercortisolism: Adrenal adenoma, Adrenal carcinoma, Macro/micro nodular hyperplasia of the adrenal gland….

General Illness Information Medical Term: CROUP (Laryngotracheobronchitis) Common Name: Croup Description: Croup is a contagious viral infection causing inflammation and swelling of the larynx and surrounding tissues. It presents with difficulty in breathing especially breathing in and a typical barking cough. It usually affects children between the ages of 6 months and 3 years. Causes: Croup can be caused by a number of different viruses. In the fall ,it is…

General Illness Information Medical Term: CONVULSION, FEBRILE Common Name: Seizures, febrile. Description: Seizure occurring with fever in infancy or childhood without evidence of other underlying cause. It is  triggered by rapid rise in temperature in infants and children. Febrile convulsions typically occur with rising temperature followed by altered consciousness and uncontrolled muscle spasms. They can occur in up to 4% of children between ages of 6 months to 4 years….

General Illness Information Common Name: Corn or callus Medical Term: Callosity Description: A thickening of the outermost skin layer, usually over bony areas such as toe joints (corn). Painless thickening of skin caused by repeated pressure and irritation (callus). This commonly involves the skin on the hands, feet and knees Causes: Corns and calluses form to protect a skin area form injury caused by repeated irritation (rubbing or squeezing); Pressure…

General Illness Information Common Name: Corneal Ulcer, Corneal abrasion. Medical Term: Corneal ulcer, Corneal abrasion Description: Ulceration or sore in the thin transparent layer of the colored part of the eye (cornea). Causes: Dry eye, burns, abrasion, contact lenses, inappropriate use of topical anesthetics, antibiotics, or antiviral drops, immunosuppressant drugs, diabetes, immunodeficiency are the main predisposing factors. Infection by bacteria or viruses frequently follows. Prevention: Avoid corneal abrasion or injury…

General Illness Information Common Name: Heart Failure, Dropsy Medical Term: Congestive Heart Failure Description: Inability of heart to pump sufficient blood to meet normal body requirements. Results in accumulation of fluid in lungs (left heart failure) or fluid in liver and extremities (right heart failure). This is the main complication of heart disease, and accounts for the majority of heart disease admissions to hospital. Causes: Coronary artery disease; High blood…

General Illness Information Common Name: Pink Eye Medical Term: Conjunctivitis Description: Inflammation of the mucosal lining (underside) of the eyelids and the white of the eyes.  Discharge may or may not be present. More commonly seen in children. It may be infectious or non-infectious. Causes: Bacterial Viral, allergic, autoimmune, chemical or irritative, rickettsial, fungal, parasitic, tuberculosis, syphilis, Kawasaki disease, Thyroid disease, gout, carcinoid, sarcoidosis, psoriasis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Reiter’s syndrome. Prevention:…