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ImmuCyst® Connaught Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), substrain Connaught Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: When administered intravesically as a cancer therapy, BCG promotes a local acute inflammatory and sub-acute granulomatous reaction with histiocytic and leukocytic infiltration in the urothelium and lamina propria of the urinary bladder. The local inflammatory effects are associated with an elimination or reduction of superficial cancerous lesions of the urinary bladder. The antitumor effect appears to be T-lymphocyte-dependent….

IMITREX® Injection/Tablets IMITREX® Nasal Spray Glaxo Wellcome Sumatriptan Succinate Sumatriptan Migraine Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Sumatriptan has been shown to be effective in relieving migraine headache. It is an agonist for a vascular 5-hydroxytryptamine1D (5-HT1D) receptor subtype (a member of the 5-HT1 family), and has only weak affinity for 5-HT1A receptors and no significant activity (as measured using standard radioligand binding assays) or pharmacological activity at 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4,…

IMMUNINE® VH Baxter Factor IX Concentrate (Human) Blood Coagulation Factor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Coagulation factor IX is one of the clotting factors found in normal human blood and is required for normal clot formation. I.V. administration of Immunine VH, factor IX concentrate (human) vapor heated, Immuno provides an increase in plasma levels of factor IX and can temporarily correct the coagulation defect of patients with factor IX deficiency. The…

IMDUR® Astra Isosorbide-5-Mononitrate Antianginal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: As with other organic nitrates, the principal pharmacological action of isosorbide-5-mononitrate, the major active metabolite of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), is relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and consequent dilation of peripheral arteries and veins, especially the latter. Dilation of the veins promotes peripheral pooling of blood and decreases venous return to the heart, thereby reducing left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge…

HYZAAR® MSD Losartan Potassium – Hydrochlorothiazide Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist – Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hyzaar combines the actions of losartan potassium, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and that of a thiazide diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide. Losartan: Losartan antagonizes angiotensin II by blocking the angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor. Angiotensin II is the primary vasoactive hormone of the renin-angiotensin system. Its effects include vasoconstriction and the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by…

IDAMYCIN® Pharmacia & Upjohn Idarubicin HCl Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Idarubicin, either as a single agent or in combination, has been shown to be a potent antileukemic agent capable of inducing complete remission in previously untreated and in relapsed and refractory acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) including resistant patients, and in adult and pediatric relapsed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Idarubicin is a DNA-intercalating analog of daunorubicin which has…

HYPAQUE® PARENTERAL Nycomed Imaging A.S. Diatrizoate Sodium – Diatrizoate Meglumine Contrast Media Action And Clinical Pharmacology: When injected into the chambers of the heart or into blood vessels, diatrizoate sodium and diatrizoate meglumine opacify their lumina, then they are rapidly carried via the bloodstream to the kidneys, where they are excreted unchanged mainly by glomerular filtration, permitting radiographic visualization of opacified heart chambers, blood vessels and the urinary tract. Administration…

HYDREA® Squibb Hydroxyurea Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Neoplastic Disease. The precise mechanism by which hydroxyurea produces its antineoplastic effects cannot, at present, be described. However, the reports of various studies in rat and human tissue cultures lend support to the hypothesis that hydroxyurea causes an immediate inhibition of DNA synthesis, by acting as a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, without interfering with the synthesis of ribonucleic acid or of protein….

HydroDIURIL® MSD Hydrochlorothiazide Diuretic – Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic and antihypertensive. Hydrochlorothiazide interferes with the renal tubular mechanism of electrolyte reabsorption. It increases excretion of sodium and chloride in approximately equivalent amounts. Natriuresis may be accompanied by some loss of potassium, magnesium and bicarbonate. Urinary calcium excretion may be decreased. While this compound is predominantly a saluretic agent, in vitro studies have shown that it…

HUMEGON® Organon Human Gonadotropin Human Gonadotropins Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Humegon (human gonadotropin) is a purified preparation of gonadotropins extracted from the urine of post menopausal and pregnant women. It contains follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), both of which are necessary for the normal gamete maturation (follicle ripening in the female and spermatogenesis in the male) and for gonadal steroid production. Unlike menotropins, human gonadotropin is standardized with…