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CEFZIL™ Bristol-Myers Squibb Cefprozil Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cefprozil is a semisynthetic broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic intended for oral administration. It has in vitro activity against a broad range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The bactericidal action of cefprozil results from inhibition of cell-wall synthesis. Pharmacokinetics: Cefprozil is well absorbed following oral administration in both fasting and nonfasting subjects. The oral bioavailability of cefprozil is about 90%….

CELESTODERM®-V CELESTODERM®-V/2 Schering Betamethasone Valerate Topical Corticosteroid Indications And Clinical Uses: The topical management of allergic and inflammatory dermatoses responsive to corticosteroid therapy, such as psoriasis, atopic eczema, infantile eczema, nummular eczema, pruritus ani and vulvae, neurodermatitis (lichen simplex chronicus), intertrigo, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis, solar dermatitis, stasis dermatitis and dyshidrosis. Refractory psoriasis may be treated with Celestoderm-V especially in conjunction with the hydration technique of occlusive dressings….

CELESTONE® Schering Betamethasone Glucocorticoid Indications And Clinical Uses: Betamethasone is used orally in the management of disorders responsive to adrenocortical hormone therapy such as: Endocrine Disorders: primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency (hydrocortisone or cortisone is the first choice; synthetic analogs may be used in conjunction with mineralocorticoids where applicable; in infancy, mineralocorticoid supplementation is of particular importance); congenital adrenal hyperplasia; nonsuppurative thyroiditis; hypercalcemia associated with cancer. Musculoskeletal Disorders: as adjunctive…

CEFIZOX® SmithKline Beecham Ceftizoxime Sodium Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: In vitro studies indicate that the bactericidal action of ceftizoxime results from inhibition of cell-wall synthesis in aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. In vitro, ceftizoxime shows a strong affinity for penicillin-binding proteins 1a, 1bs and 3 of E. coli. Indications And Clinical Uses: In the treatment of the infections listed below when caused by susceptible strains of the…

CEFOTAN® Wyeth-Ayerst Cefotetan Disodium Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cefotetan disodium is a semisynthetic, beta-lactamase resistant, cephalosporin (cephamycin) antibiotic. In vitro studies indicate that the bactericidal action of cefotetan results from an interference of bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the cross-linking of peptidoglycan. Studies with 4-labeled cefotetan have shown that on reaching the target penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in the inner membrane, the radiolabeled antibiotic binds principally to PBP 3…

CAVERJECT™ Pharmacia & Upjohn Alprostadil Prostaglandin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Alprostadil is a prostaglandin with various pharmacological actions that include vasodilatation and inhibition of platelet aggregation, inhibition of gastric secretion, stimulation of intestinal smooth muscle and stimulation of uterine smooth muscle. Alprostadil, when given to impotent men by intracavernous injection, induces erections within 5 to 20 minutes after administration. The duration of erection is dose-dependent. The mechanism of penile erection…

CECLOR® Lilly Cefaclor Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Like other b-lactam antibiotics, cefaclor owes its antibacterial activity to its ability to bind to and inhibit the action of certain bacterial cell wall synthetic enzymes, the penicillin-binding proteins. Cefaclor is well absorbed after oral administration to fed and fasted subjects. Following doses of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1 g to fasted subjects, average peak serum levels of approximately 7, 13…

CEDOCARD® SR Pharmascience Isosorbide Dinitrate Antianginal Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The principal action of isosorbide dinitrate is that of all nitrates, the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. The efficacy of nitrates in alleviating pain in angina pectoris is probably due primarily to reduction in myocardial oxygen demand rather than an increase in myocardial oxygen supply. This effect is thought to be brought about predominantly by a peripheral action. Although…

CARNITOR® Sigma-Tau Levocarnitine Carnitine Replenisher Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Levocarnitine is a naturally occurring substance required in mammalian energy metabolism. It has been shown to facilitate long-chain fatty acid entry into cellular mitochondria, therefore delivering substrate for oxidation and subsequent energy production. Fatty acids are utilized as an energy substrate in all tissues except the brain. In skeletal and cardiac muscle they serve as major fuel. Primary systemic carnitine deficiency…

CATAPRES® Boehringer Ingelheim Clonidine HCl Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Clonidine is an a-adrenergic agonist which also has some a-adrenergic antagonist effects. The antihypertensive effect of clonidine is thought to be due to central a2-adrenergic stimulation, which results in a decreased sympathetic outflow to the heart, kidneys, and peripheral vasculature and thus decreased peripheral vascular resistance, decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and decreased heart rate. Renal blood flow and…