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CHOLEDYL® Parke-Davis Oxtriphylline Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Oxtriphylline contains 64% theophylline and has the properties attributed to theophylline. Indications And Clinical Uses: The symptomatic treatment of reversible bronchoconstriction associated with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema, chronic bronchitis and related bronchospastic disorders. Contra-Indications: Hypersensitivity to xanthines; active peptic ulcer; in coronary artery disease when myocardial stimulation might prove harmful. Precautions: Parents should be cautioned against overdosage to children –…

CHLORAMPHENICOL General Monograph, Antibiotic Pharmacology: Chloramphenicol, which was originally isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae and is now synthetically produced, exerts mainly a bacteriostatic effect on a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms and is active against Rickettsia, Chlamydia (psittacosis-lymphogranuloma organisms), and Mycoplasma. It is particularly effective against H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, S. typhi and Neisseria species. The palmitate and sodium succinate esters are inactive until hydrolyzed to free chloramphenicol which…

CHLORAL HYDRATE General Monograph, Sedative – Hypnotic Pharmacology: Chloral hydrate has general CNS depressant effects believed to be due to its active metabolite, trichloroethanol. In doses used for hypnosis, chloral hydrate produces mild cerebral depression and quiet, deep sleep, usually with little or no hangover effects. Chloral hydrate decreases sleep latency and nighttime awakenings with minimal effects on REM sleep. REM rebound does not occur with drug withdrawal. Tolerance to…

CHLOROMYCETIN® INJECTION Parke-Davis Chloramphenicol Antibiotic Indications And Clinical Uses: In accordance with the concepts in the Contraindications section and this Indications section, chloramphenicol should be used only in those conditions for which it may be the antibiotic of choice. These would include: Acute infections caused by Salmonella typhi. It is not recommended for the routine treatment of the typhoid carrier state. Serious infections caused by susceptible strains: (a) Salmonella species…

CHLOR-TRIPOLON® Schering Chlorpheniramine Maleate Antihistamine Indications And Clinical Uses: The symptomatic relief of allergic states generally responsive to antihistamines, such as hay fever, urticaria, angioedema, vasomotor rhinitis, allergic eczema, serum sickness and drug reactions; also in allergic conjunctivitis, dermographism, gastrointestinal allergy, physical allergy, and exanthematous eruptions such as measles and chickenpox. Useful in atopic dermatitis, contact dermatoses (including poisoning by ivy or oak), insect bites, neurodermatitis, pruritus ani and vulvae…

CHLOR-TRIPOLON® DECONGESTANT CHLOR-TRIPOLON® DECONGESTANT Syrup CHLOR-TRIPOLON® DECONGESTANT Tablets Schering Chlorpheniramine Maleate – Phenylpropanolamine HCl Chlorpheniramine Maleate – Pseudoephedrine Sulfate Antihistamine – Decongestant Indications And Clinical Uses: Symptomatic relief of upper respiratory mucosal congestion in seasonal and perennial nasal allergies, acute rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, acute and subacute sinusitis, eustachian tube blockage and secretory otitis media. Contra-Indications: Patients receiving or having received MAO inhibitors in the preceding 2 weeks; known hypersensitivity to…

CERVIDIL™ Ferring Dinoprostone Prostaglandin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dinoprostone (PGE2) is a naturally occurring biomolecule. It is found in low concentrations in most tissues of the body and functions as a local hormone. As with any local hormone, it is very rapidly metabolized in the tissues of synthesis. The rate limiting step for inactivation is regulated by the enzyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). Any PGE2 that escapes local inactivation is rapidly…

CESAMET® Lilly Nabilone Antiemetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nabilone is a synthetic cannabinoid with antiemetic properties which have been found to be of value in the management of some patients with nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. It also has sedative and psychotropic effects. After oral administration, comparable peak plasma levels of nabilone and of its carbinol metabolite were attained within 2 hours. The combined plasma concentrations of nabilone…

CEPTAZ® Glaxo Wellcome Ceftazidime Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: In vitro studies indicate that the bactericidal action of ceftazidime, a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, results from inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Ceftazidime has a high affinity for the Penicillin-Binding Protein-3 (PBP-3) and moderate affinity for the PBP-1a of certain gram negative organisms such as E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The affinity for PBP-1b is much less than that for either…

CellCept® Roche Mycophenolate Mofetil Immunosuppressant Agent Manufacturers’ Warnings In Clinical States: Increased susceptibility to infection and the possible development of lymphoma may result from immunosuppression. Only physicians experienced in immunosuppressive therapy and management of solid organ transplant patients should use mycophenolate mofetil. Patients receiving the drug should be managed in facilities equipped and staffed with adequate laboratory and supportive medical resources. The physician responsible for maintenance therapy should have complete…