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ANSAID® Pharmacia & Upjohn Flurbiprofen Anti-inflammatory – Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Flurbiprofen, a phenylalkanoic acid derivative, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent which also possesses analgesic and antipyretic activities. Its mode of action, like that of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, is not known. However, its therapeutic action is not due to pituitary-adrenal stimulation. Flurbiprofen is an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis. The resulting decrease in prostaglandin synthesis may partially explain the…

ANTABUSE® Wyeth-Ayerst Disulfiram Alcohol Deterrent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Disulfiram produces a sensitivity to alcohol which results in a highly unpleasant reaction when the patient under treatment ingests even small amounts of alcohol. Disulfiram blocks the oxidation of alcohol at the acetaldehyde stage. During alcohol metabolism after disulfiram intake, the concentration of acetaldehyde occurring in the blood may be 5 to 10 times higher than that found during metabolism of…

ANDROCUR® ANDROCUR® DEPOT Berlex Canada Cyproterone Acetate Antiandrogen Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cyproterone is a steroid which clinically demonstrates 2 distinct properties: Antiandrogenic: Cyproterone blocks the binding of dihydrotestosterone – the active metabolite of testosterone – to the specific receptors in the prostatic carcinoma cell. Progestogenic/antigonadotrophic: Cyproterone exerts a negative feed-back on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, by inhibiting the secretion of LH leading to diminished production of testicular testosterone. The absorption…

ANDRIOL Organon Testosterone Undecanoate Androgen Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Testosterone undecanoate, an orally active testosterone preparation, is a fatty acid ester of the natural androgen testosterone. Unlike other oral testosterone preparations, testosterone undecanoate is able to by-pass the liver via the lymphatic system and is therefore orally bioavailable. Therapy with Andriol increases plasma levels of testosterone and its active metabolites, leading to a regular therapeutic effect. In eugonadal men, peak…

ANECTINE® Glaxo Wellcome Succinylcholine Chloride Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Succinylcholine is an ultra short-acting depolarizing-type, skeletal muscle relaxant. As does acetylcholine, it combines with the cholinergic receptors of the motor end plate to produce depolarization. This depolarization may be observed as fasciculations. Subsequent neuromuscular transmission is inhibited so long as adequate concentration of succinylcholine remains at the receptor site. Onset of flaccid paralysis is rapid, (less than…

ANEXATE® Roche Flumazenil Benzodiazepine Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Flumazenil, an imidazobenzodiazepine, is a benzodiazepine antagonist which blocks the central effects of agents that act via the benzodiazepine receptor, by competitive inhibition. The antagonism is specific, since in animal experiments the effects of compounds which have no affinity for the benzodiazepine receptor (e.g., barbiturates, meprobamate, ethanol, GABA-mimetics, and adenosine receptor agonists) were not affected by flumazenil. Following the i.v. administration…

ANANDRON® Hoechst Marion Roussel Nilutamide Nonsteroidal Antiandrogen Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nilutamide is a pure, nonsteroidal antiandrogen which blocks androgens binding at receptor target cells. Nilutamide is specific and does not bind to any other steroidal receptors; therefore, it does not have any other hormonal or antihormonal activity. Nilutamide demonstrates potent antiandrogenic effects by inhibiting androgen uptake and/or inhibiting nuclear binding of androgen in target tissues. In adult male rats,…

ANAPROX® ANAPROX® DS Roche Naproxen Sodium Analgesic – Anti-inflammatory Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Naproxen sodium, has demonstrated analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties in human clinical studies and in classical animal test systems. It exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect even in adrenalectomized animals and therefore its action is not mediated through the pituitary-adrenal axis. It is not a corticosteroid. It inhibits prostaglandin synthetase, as do certain other nonsteroidal analgesic/anti-inflammatory agents. As with…

ANCEF® SmithKline Beecham Cefazolin Sodium Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cefazolin sodium is a cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral administration. It exerts its bactericidal action through inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Indications And Clinical Uses: In the treatment of the following infections when caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: Respiratory tract infections caused by S. pneumoniae (formerly D. pneumoniae), K. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus (penicillin-sensitive and penicillin-resistant)…

ANBESOL® Preparations Whitehall-Robins Benzocaine Compound Topical Anesthetic Indications And Clinical Uses: Anbesol: For temporary pain relief of toothache, denture irritation, brace pain, minor mouth irritations, cold sores, sun and fever blisters and canker sores. Anbesol Baby: For temporary relief from the pain and irritation associated with teething. Contra-Indications: Anbesol: Known sensitivity to any of the ingredients. Anbesol Baby: Known sensitivity to any of the ingredients. Precautions: Not for prolonged use….