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CARDIZEM® CARDIZEM® SR CARDIZEM® CD Hoechst Marion Roussel Diltiazem HCl Antianginal Antihypertensive – Antianginal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diltiazem is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (calcium entry blocker or calcium ion antagonist). The therapeutic effect of this group of drugs is believed to be related to their specific cellular action of selectively inhibiting transmembrane influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle. The contractile processes of these…

CAPOTEN™ Squibb Captopril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor which is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. The mechanism of action of captopril has not yet been fully elucidated. It appears to lower blood pressure and be an adjunct in the therapy of congestive heart failure primarily through suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; however, there is no consistent…

CARBOCAINE® Sanofi Mepivacaine HCl Local Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mepivacaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane and prevents the initiation and transmission of nerve impulses, thereby affecting local anesthesia. Its pharmacological properties are somewhat similar to those of lidocaine, which it resembles chemically. Its action is more rapid in onset and somewhat more prolonged than that of lidocaine. It has been employed for all types of infiltration and regional nerve block…

CARBOLITH™ ICN Lithium Carbonate Antimanic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Preclinical studies have shown that lithium alters sodium transport in nerve and muscle cells and effects a shift toward intraneuronal metabolism of catecholamines, but the specific biochemical mechanism of lithium action in mania is unknown. Pharmacokinetics: Lithium ions are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and plasma lithium peaks are reached 2 to 4 hours after lithium administration. The distribution…

CARBOPLATIN INJECTION Faulding Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Carboplatin is a synthetic analogue of cisplatin. Like cisplatin, carboplatin interferes with DNA intrastrand and interstrand crosslinks in cells exposed to the drug. DNA reactivity has been correlated with cytotoxicity. Following administration of carboplatin in man, linear relationships exist between dose and plasma concentrations of total and free ultrafilterable platinum. The area under the plasma concentration versus time curve for total platinum…

CANESTEN® Topical Bayer Consumer Clotrimazole Antifungal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Clotrimazole acts primarily by damaging the permeability barrier in the cell membrane of fungi. Clotrimazole brings about inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential constituent of fungal cell membranes. If ergosterol synthesis is completely or partially inhibited, the cell is no longer able to construct an intact cell membrane. This leads to death of the fungus. Exposure of C. albicans to…

CANESTEN® Vaginal Bayer Consumer Clotrimazole Antifungal Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Clotrimazole acts primarily by damaging the permeability barrier in the cell membrane of fungi. Clotrimazole brings about inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential constituent of fungal cell membranes. If ergosterol synthesis is completely or partially inhibited, the cell is no longer able to construct an intact cell membrane. This leads to death of the fungus. Exposure of C. albicans to…

CANTHACUR® Pharmascience Cantharidin Vesicant Indications And Clinical Uses: For the topical use of removal of benign epithelial growths such as warts (verruca vulgaris) or molluscum contagiosum. Because of the absence of scarring, cantharidin is useful for treating exposed areas where cosmetic results are important. Painless application and the absence of instruments makes it especially useful for treating children. Contra-Indications: Hypersensitivity to the ingredients. Avoid alcoholic beverages for several hours after…

Indications And Clinical Uses: For the topical use of removal of benign epithelial growths such as warts (verruca vulgaris), especially plantar, mosaic, periungual, and molluscum contagiosum. Recommended for resistant and heavily keratinized warts. Because of the absence of scarring, the mixture is useful for treating exposed areas where cosmetic results are important. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the ingredients. Avoid alcoholic beverages for several hours after treatment. Precautions: Canthacur-PS is a potent…

CALTINE® Ferring Synthetic Calcitonin Salmon (Salcatonin) Paget’s Disease Therapy – Hypercalcemia Treatment Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Salmon calcitonin participates in the regulation of the homeostasis of calcium by acting primarily on the bone, in Paget’s disease presumably by an initial blocking effect on accelerated bone resorption. The rate of bone turnover appears to be decreased. The pharmacologic activity of salmon calcitonin is the same as that of the endogenously produced…