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HYGROTON® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Chlorthalidone Diuretic – Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Chlorthalidone inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal renal tubule thus promoting water loss. The higher urine volume increases potassium loss. Little information is available on the absorption of the drug. Its long elimination half-life and clinical experience place it as a long-acting thiazide derivative. This may not be important clinically because the biological effects of thiazides…

HYDREA® Squibb Hydroxyurea Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Neoplastic Disease. The precise mechanism by which hydroxyurea produces its antineoplastic effects cannot, at present, be described. However, the reports of various studies in rat and human tissue cultures lend support to the hypothesis that hydroxyurea causes an immediate inhibition of DNA synthesis, by acting as a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, without interfering with the synthesis of ribonucleic acid or of protein….

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE General Monograph, Diuretic – Antihypertensive Pharmacology: Hydrochlorothiazide inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal tubule thus promoting water loss. The higher urine volume increases potassium loss; this loss can often be decreased by restricting sodium intake. Oral doses are well absorbed and reach peak effect in about 4 hours, with a 6 to 12 hour duration. It is excreted unchanged in the urine with a half-life of…

HydroDIURIL® MSD Hydrochlorothiazide Diuretic – Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic and antihypertensive. Hydrochlorothiazide interferes with the renal tubular mechanism of electrolyte reabsorption. It increases excretion of sodium and chloride in approximately equivalent amounts. Natriuresis may be accompanied by some loss of potassium, magnesium and bicarbonate. Urinary calcium excretion may be decreased. While this compound is predominantly a saluretic agent, in vitro studies have shown that it…

HYCOMINE® HYCOMINE®-S DuPont Pharma Hydrocodone Compound Antitussive – Antihistaminic – Decongestant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: See Hycodan for pharmacology of hydrocodone. Pyrilamine maleate is a competitive H1-receptor histamine-blocking drug, thereby counteracting the effects of histamine release associated with allergic manifestations of upper respiratory tract inflammatory disorders. H1-blocking drugs inhibit the actions of histamine on smooth muscle, capillary permeability, and can both stimulate and depress the CNS. Phenylephrine HCl effects its…

HYDERGINE® Novartis Ergoloid Mesylates Adjunctive Management of Idiopathic Dementia Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The possible mechanism of action of ergoloid mesylates has not been determined. There is no evidence that ergoloid mesylates affect cerebrovascular insufficiency or cerebral arteriosclerosis. Ergoloid mesylates do not have the vasoconstrictor effects of the natural ergot alkaloids. Indications And Clinical Uses: May be of some value in the adjunctive management of selective symptoms of elderly patients…

HYDRASENSE® NASAL CARE Schering Sea Water Nasal Cleanser Indications And Clinical Uses: Cleanses and relieves excessive mucus accumulation by clearing nasal cavities congested by colds, allergies, sinusitis and rhinitis. It is a simple and effective solution to relieve dry nasal conditions commonly associated with heating or air conditioning systems in homes or airplanes. Precautions: Safe for infants, Hydrasense Baby Mist can be used with confidence without fear of harming delicate,…

HUMEGON® Organon Human Gonadotropin Human Gonadotropins Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Humegon (human gonadotropin) is a purified preparation of gonadotropins extracted from the urine of post menopausal and pregnant women. It contains follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), both of which are necessary for the normal gamete maturation (follicle ripening in the female and spermatogenesis in the male) and for gonadal steroid production. Unlike menotropins, human gonadotropin is standardized with…

HUMULIN® Lilly Insulin, Human Biosynthetic Antidiabetic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Humulin is a polypeptide hormone consisting of a 21 amino acid A-chain and a 30 amino acid B-chain linked by two disulfide bonds. Humulin is found to be chemically, physically, biologically and immunologically equivalent to pancreatic human insulin which differs slightly from porcine or bovine insulin in amino acid composition. Studies indicate immunogenicity problems with biosynthetic human insulin (BHI)…

HYCAMTIN™ SmithKline Beecham Topotecan HCl Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase-I, an enzyme that functions in DNA replication to relieve the torsional strain introduced ahead of the moving replication fork. Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase-I by stabilizing the covalent complex of enzyme and strand-cleaved DNA which is an intermediate of the catalytic mechanism, thereby inducing breaks in the protein-associated DNA single-strands, resulting in cell death. Pharmacokinetics: Following i.v. administration of…