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INTRALIPID® 10% INTRALIPID® 20% INTRALIPID® 30% Pharmacia & Upjohn Fat Emulsions I.V. Nutrition Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Intralipid acts as an energy source in patients for whom the usual i.v. therapy would not be adequate and as a source of essential fatty acids to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency. Providing sufficient amounts of calories to satisfy basal metabolic requirements plus the additional needs imposed by disease and/or surgical stress can…

INTRON A® Schering Interferon alfa-2b Biological Response Modifier Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Interferon alfa-2b has exhibited antiproliferative effects in preclinical studies employing both cell culture systems and human tumor xenografts in animals, and has demonstrated significant immunomodulatory activity in vitro. Interferon alfa-2b also inhibits viral replication in vitro and in vivo. Interferons exert their cellular activities by binding to specific membrane receptors on the cell surface. The results of several…

INDOCID® P.D.A. MSD Indomethacin Sodium Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agent for Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent which inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. The disposition of indomethacin following i.v. administration (0.2 mg/kg) in preterm neonates with patent ductus arteriosus has not been extensively evaluated. Even though the plasma half-life of indomethacin was variable among premature infants, it was shown to vary inversely with postnatal age…

INDOTEC® Technilab Indomethacin Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory – Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with marked analgesic, and antipyretic properties. It has a unique chemical structure, which differentiates it from the salicylates, corticosteroids, phenylbutazone-like compounds and colchicine. Unlike corticosteroids, it has no effect on pituitary or adrenal function. Indomethacin is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis in vitro. Concentrations are reached during therapy which have been demonstrated…

INFUFER® Sabex Iron Dextran Hematinic – Iron Supplement Action And Clinical Pharmacology: After i.m. injection, iron dextran is absorbed from the injection site into the capillaries and the lymphatic system. Circulating iron dextran is dissociated by the reticuloendothelial system. The ferric iron is transported by transferrin and incorporated into hemoglobin and storage sites. Only traces of unmetabolized iron dextran are excreted in urine, bile or feces. The drug is negligibly…

INHIBACE® Roche Cilazapril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cilazapril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, which is used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Cilazapril suppresses the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and thereby reduces both supine and standing systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Renin is an enzyme that is released by the kidneys into the circulation to stimulate the production of angiotensin I, an inactive…

INNOHEP® Leo Tinzaparin Sodium Anticoagulant – Antithrombotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Tinzaparin is a low molecular weight (LMW) heparin, produced by enzymatic depolymerization of conventional heparin from porcine mucosa. It possesses antithrombotic activity mediated through antithrombin III. Pharmacokinetics: The pharmacokinetics of tinzaparin after a single s.c. injection have been studied in clinical trials by the measurement of plasma levels of anti-Xa activity, anti-IIa activity and APTT activity Results from clinical…

Inactivated Poliomyelitis Vaccine (Diploid Cell Origin) – IPV Connaught Poliomyelitis Prophylaxis Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Poliomyelitis is caused by infection with 1 of the 3 antigenic types of poliovirus. Following introduction of poliovirus vaccine in Canada in 1955, the indigenous disease has been virtually eliminated. The last significant outbreak of poliomyelitis occurred in 1978 to 1979, when there were 11 cases of paralytic disease among unimmunized contacts of imported cases….

IMURAN® Glaxo Wellcome Azathioprine Immunosuppressive Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Metabolism: Azathioprine is well absorbed following oral administration. Maximum serum radioactivity occurs at 1 to 2 hours after oral 5-azathioprine and decays with a half-life of 5 hours. This is not an estimate of the half-life of azathioprine itself but is the decay rate for all 5-containing metabolites of the drug. Because of extensive metabolism, only a fraction of the…

INDERAL® INDERAL®-LA Wyeth-Ayerst Propranolol HCl Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocking drug. It has no other autonomic nervous system activity. Propranolol is a competitive antagonist which specifically competes with beta-adrenergic receptor stimulating agents for available beta-receptor sites. When access to beta-adrenergic receptor sites is blocked by propranolol, the chronotropic, inotropic, and vasodilator responses to beta-adrenergic stimulation are decreased proportionately. Beta-adrenergic blockade…