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NILSTAT® Technilab Nystatin Antifungal Antibiotic Indications And Clinical Uses: Oral Drops: Monilial infections of the mouth (thrush) and intestinal moniliasis in infants and children. Oral Tablets: Prevention and treatment of intestinal moniliasis. Prevention or treatment of lower intestinal and anal infections caused by Candida albicans (monilia). Powder: For the treatment of infections of the oral cavity by C. albicans (monilia). Cream and Ointment: Treatment of cutaneous or mucocutaneous mycotic infections…

NIMBEX® Glaxo Wellcome Cisatracurium Besylate Nondepolarizing Skeletal Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Cisatracurium is an intermediate-acting, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent for i.v. administration. Cisatracurium, 1 of 10 isomers of atracurium besylate, constitutes approximately 15% of that mixture. Cisatracurium binds competitively to cholinergic receptors on the motor end-plate to antagonize the action of acetylcholine, resulting in block of neuromuscular transmission. This action is antagonized by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as…

NICORETTE® PLUS Hoechst Marion Roussel Nicotine Polacrilex Smoking Cessation Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The active component of Nicorette Plus is nicotine in the form of a natural extract from the tobacco plant. In small doses, nicotine stimulates autonomic ganglia. Larger doses of the drug result in a blockage of the ganglia. The effects on autonomic ganglia vary according to the degree of tolerance to nicotine. The major cardiovascular effects…

NICORETTE® Hoechst Marion Roussel Nicotine Polacrilex Smoking Cessation Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The active component of Nicorette is nicotine in the form of a natural extract from the tobacco plant. In small doses, nicotine stimulates autonomic ganglia. Larger doses of the drug result in a blockage of the ganglia. The effects on autonomic ganglia vary according to the degree of tolerance to nicotine. The major cardiovascular effects of nicotine…

NIDAGEL™ 3M Pharmaceuticals Metronidazole Antibacterial Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Metronidazole demonstrates antibacterial activity against bacteria classified as obligate anaerobes including Bacteroides and to a lesser extent against anaerobic gram-positive rods. The nitro group of the drug is thought to be reduced in the target cell leading to the production of cytotoxic metabolites. Bioavailability studies on the administration of a single 5 g dose of NidaGel into the vaginas of 12…

NICOTROL® Johnson & Johnson• Merck Nicotine Stop Smoking Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nicotrol is a multilayered, laminated, flexible thin film containing nicotine as the active ingredient. Nicotrol has been specifically designed to provide a 16-hour rate controlled delivery of nicotine following its application to intact skin. It is intended to be applied during the day and removed at night prior to sleeping, thus minimizing the potential for any sleep…

NEURONTIN™ Parke-Davis Gabapentin Antiepileptic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Gabapentin exhibits antiseizure activity in mice and rats both in the maximal electroshock and in the pentylenetetrazol seizure models. Gabapentin is structurally related to the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) but does not interact with GABA receptors, it is not metabolized to GABA or to GABA agonists, and it is not an inhibitor of GABA uptake or degradation. Gabapentin at concentrations up to…

NIACIN NIACINAMIDE General Monograph, Nicotinic Acid, Vitamin B3 Nicotinamide Vitamin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Niacin and niacinamide are water-soluble B complex vitamins. In vivo, niacin is converted to niacinamide, a constituent of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), which are coenzymes involved in glycogenolysis, tissue respiration and lipid metabolism. Niacin deficiency results in pellagra, a chronic wasting disease characterized by dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea. Niacin produces…

NIACIN SUSTAINED RELEASE Stanley Nicotinic Acid Vitamin Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nicotinic acid, when released, is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration and widely distributed in the body fluids and tissues, even in the breast milk. The main route of metabolism in the liver is conversion first to nicotinamide then to N-methyl nicotinamide, the 2-pyridone and 4-pyridone derivatives and nicotinuric acid formed which are excreted in the…

NICODERM® Hoechst Marion Roussel Nicotine Smoking Cessation Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nicoderm is a multilayered rectangular film containing nicotine as the active ingredient. It provides 24 hour rate-controlled delivery of nicotine following its application to intact skin. Nicoderm reduces the withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation and thus increases the success rate of smoking cessation programs. Indications And Clinical Uses: As an aid to smoking cessation for partial relief…