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ATROPINE SULFATE INJECTION USP Astra Atropine Sulfate Parasympatholytic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Atropine is commonly classified as an anticholinergic or antiparasympathetic (parasympatholytic) drug. More precisely, however, it is termed an antimuscarinic agent since it antagonizes the muscarine-like actions of acetylcholine and other choline esters. Atropine inhibits the muscarinic actions of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves, and on smooth muscles which respond to endogenous acetylcholine but are not…

ATRACURIUM BESYLATE INJECTION Faulding I.V. Skeletal Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Atracurium is a nondepolarizing, intermediate-duration, skeletal neuromuscular blocking agent. Nondepolarizing agents antagonize the neurotransmitter action of acetylcholine by binding competitively to cholinergic receptor sites on the motor endplate. This antagonism is inhibited, and neuromuscular block reversed by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as neostigmine, edrophonium and pyridostigmine. The duration of neuromuscular blockade produced by atracurium is approximately one-third to…

ATASOL®-8, -15, -30 Carter Horner Acetaminophen – Codeine Phosphate – Caffeine Citrate Analgesic – Antipyretic Indications And Clinical Uses: The relief of mild to moderate pain of various causes as in headache, migraine, dental pain, dysmenorrhea, myalgias and neuralgias. As an antipyretic when fever accompanies painful conditions. Contra-Indications: Acetaminophen and/or codeine hypersensitivity. Precautions: See Atasol Preparations. Adverse Reactions: Codeine: Adverse reactions due to codeine phosphate may include drowsiness, nausea, vomiting…

ATARAX™ Pfizer Hydroxyzine HCl Anxiolytic – Antihistamine Indications And Clinical Uses: Oral: The management of anxiety and tension as in the preparation for dental procedures and in acute emotional problems. Also used in the management of anxiety associated with organic disturbances and as adjunctive therapy in alcoholism and allergic conditions with strong emotional overlay, such as in asthma. Useful in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as…

ATGAM® Pharmacia & Upjohn Lymphocyte Immune Globulin – Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (Equine) Immunosuppressant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Atgam is the purified, concentrated, and sterile gamma globulin, primarily monomeric IgG, from hyperimmune plasma of horses immunized with human thymus lymphocytes. Atgam is a lymphocyte-selective immunosuppressant as is demonstrated by its ability to reduce the number of circulating, thymus-dependent lymphocytes that form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. This antilymphocyte effect is believed to reflect…

ATASOL® Preparations Carter Horner Acetaminophen Analgesic – Antipyretic Indications And Clinical Uses: As an analgesic for the relief of pain in headache, dysmenorrhea, myalgias and neuralgias; arthritis, sprains, toothache, and fever caused by cold or flu. As an antipyretic when fever accompanies painful conditions. Contra-Indications: Acetaminophen hypersensitivity. Precautions: The incidence of gastrointestinal upset is less than after salicylate administration. If a rare sensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue the drug. Hypersensitivity to…

ASTRACAINE® ASTRACAINE® FORTE Astra Articaine HCl – Epinephrine Local Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Articaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. As with other local anesthetics, it prevents the generation and conduction of the nerve impulse by interfering with the large transient increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions. Epinephrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vasculature of the mucous membranes to produce vasoconstriction, thereby…

ASTRACAINE® ASTRACAINE® FORTE Astra Articaine HCl – Epinephrine Local Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Articaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. As with other local anesthetics, it prevents the generation and conduction of the nerve impulse by interfering with the large transient increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions. Epinephrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vasculature of the mucous membranes to produce vasoconstriction, thereby…

ASCOFER® Desbergers Ferrous Ascorbate Hematinic Indications And Clinical Uses: Ferrous ascorbate, a synthetic molecule of ascorbic acid and iron, is indicated in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Contra-Indications: Hemosiderosis, hemochromatosis, hemolytic anemia. Precautions: Oral iron preparations may aggravate existing peptic ulcer, regional enteritis and ulcerative colitis. Iron compounds taken orally can impair the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. Antacids given concomitantly with iron compounds decrease iron absorption. Adverse Reactions: The…

ASENDIN® Wyeth-Ayerst Amoxapine Antidepressant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Amoxapine is a tricyclic antidepressant of the dibenzoxazepine class. The mechanism of clinical action of amoxapine in man is not well understood. Amoxapine is not a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. In animals, amoxapine inhibits the re-uptake of norepinephrine and, to a lesser degree, of serotonin, at adrenergic nerve endings and blocks the response of dopamine receptors to dopamine. Its major metabolite, 8-hydroxyamoxapine,…