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MYLERAN® Glaxo Wellcome Busulfan Antileukemic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Busulfan is a bifunctional alkylating agent. Binding to DNA is believed to play a role in its mode of action, and di-guanyl derivatives have been isolated, but interstrand crosslinking has not been conclusively demonstrated. The basis for the uniquely selective effect of busulfan on granulocytopoiesis is not fully understood. Pharmacokinetics: Early pharmacokinetic studies were carried out with radioactively labelled busulfan. More…

LUTREPULSE™ Ferring Gonadorelin Acetate Ovulatory Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Gonadorelin is a synthetic decapeptide that has the same amino acid sequence as endogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) synthesized in the human hypothalamus and in various neurons terminating in the hypothalamus. Its pharmacological and toxicological profile is therefore identical to that of endogenous GnRH. Under physiologic conditions, GnRH is released by the hypothalamus in a pulsatile fashion. The primary effect of…

LUVOX® Solvay Pharma Fluvoxamine Maleate Antidepressant – Antiobsessional Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The antidepressant and antiobsessional actions of fluvoxamine are believed to be related to its selective inhibition of presynaptic serotonin re-uptake in brain neurones. There is minimum interference with noradrenergic processes, and, in common with several other specific inhibitors of serotonin uptake, fluvoxamine has very little in vitro affinity for a1, a2, b1, dopamine2, histamine1, serotonin1, serotonin2 or…

LYSODREN Bristol Mitotane Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mitotane is an adrenal cytotoxic agent, and can cause adrenal inhibition, apparently without cellular destruction. Its biochemical mechanism of action is unknown. Available data suggest that the drug modifies the peripheral metabolism of steroids as well as directly suppressing the adrenal cortex. In man, mitotane administration alters cortisol’s extra-adrenal metabolism, leading to a reduction in measurable 17-hydroxy corticosteroids, even though plasma corticosteroid…

LOZIDE® Servier Indapamide Hemihydrate Diuretic – Antihypertensive Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Indapamide is a diuretic antihypertensive agent. The mechanism whereby indapamide exerts its action in the control of hypertension is not completely elucidated: both renal and extrarenal actions may be involved. The renal site of action is the proximal part of the distal tubule and the ascending part of Henle’s loop. Sodium and chloride ions are excreted in approximately…

LUDIOMIL® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Maprotiline HCl Antidepressant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Maprotiline has been shown to exhibit an antidepressant action. Maprotiline strongly inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine in the brain and peripheral tissues, but has a notable lack of serotonergic uptake inhibition. It has markedly less pronounced alpha-adrenergic blocking activity than amitriptyline. Maprotiline has a strong antihistaminic activity and a weaker anticholinergic activity. Maprotiline also exerts a sedative effect on the…

LUPRON DEPOT® 3.75 mg/7.5 mg Abbott/TAP Pharmaceuticals Leuprolide Acetate Leuprolide Acetate for Depot Suspension Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog for Management of Central Precocious Puberty in Children Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Leuprolide is a synthetic nonapeptide analog of naturally occurring gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH or LHRH). The analog possesses greater potency than the natural hormone. When administered as indicated, leuprolide acts as a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin production. It is chemically unrelated…

LUPRON® DEPOT® 3.75 mg Abbott Leuprolide Acetate for Depot Suspension Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Leuprolide is a synthetic nonapeptide analog of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LHRH). The analog possesses greater potency than the natural hormone. When administered as indicated, leuprolide acts as a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin production. It is chemically unrelated to steroids. Unlike steroid hormones, leuprolide exerts specific action on the pituitary gonadotrophs…

LOTENSIN® Novartis Benazepril HCl Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Benazepril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor which is used in the treatment of hypertension. Benazepril, after hydrolytic bioactivation to benazeprilat, inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), a peptidyl dipeptidase catalyzing the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex, leading to sodium resorption and potassium secretion…

LOTRIDERM® Schering Clotrimazole – Betamethasone Dipropionate Topical Antifungal – Corticosteroid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Betamethasone dipropionate with clotrimazole combines the anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and vasoconstrictive activity of betamethasone dipropionate with the antifungal activity of clotrimazole. The primary action of clotrimazole is against dividing and growing organisms, possibly through reaction with the cell membrane. Indications And Clinical Uses: For the topical treatment of the following fungal dermal infections complicated by inflammatory pruritus:…