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BOTOX® Allergan Botulinum Toxin Type A Neuromuscular Paralytic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Botulinum toxin type A blocks neuromuscular conduction by binding to receptor sites on motor nerve terminals, entering the nerve terminals, and inhibiting the release of acetylcholine. When injected i.m. at therapeutic doses, botulinum toxin type A produces a partial chemical denervation of the muscle resulting in localized muscle paralysis. When chemically denervated, the muscle may atrophy, axonal…

BLENOXANE® Bristol Bleomycin Sulfate Antineoplastic – Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Although the exact mechanism of action of bleomycin is unknown, available evidence indicates that the main mode of action is inhibition of DNA synthesis with some evidence of inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis. The major route of excretion of bleomycin is the kidney, with 60 to 70% of an administered dose recovered in the urine as active bleomycin….

BLEOMYCIN SULFATE USP Faulding Antineoplastic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Experiments with isolated DNA have shown that bleomycin binds to the DNA molecule and cleaves it. This results in the inhibition of DNA synthesis. There is also evidence of lesser inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis. Bleomycin exhibits a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo activity. It demonstrates inhibition of DNA synthesis in E. coli, B. subtilis, Ehrlich ascites…

BIOLON™ Ophtapharma Sodium Hyaluronate Ophthalmosurgical Aid Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Sodium hyaluronate is a physiological material found in both animal and human tissues. It is a polysaccharide consisting of a repeating disaccharide of N-acetylglucosamine and sodium glucuronate, linked by alternating b-1,3 and b-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Chemically identical in all species, hyaluronate can be found in the vitreous and aqueous humor of the eye, in synovial fluid, in skin and in…

BIONET® Carter Horner Benzocaine – Bicetonium Local Anti-infective – Analgesic Indications And Clinical Uses: The symptomatic treatment of mild infection and relief of pain in gum, pharyngeal, tonsillar and other oral disorders such as aphthous ulcers, stomatitis and gingivitis. May also be used postoperatively in tonsillectomy, dental surgery and tooth extraction. Contra-Indications: Benzocaine sensitivity. Precautions: Severe or persistent sore throat accompanied by high fever, headache, nausea and vomiting may be…

BICHLORACETIC ACID® Glenwood Dichloroacetic Acid Escharotic – Keratolytic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Dichloroacetic acid rapidly penetrates and cauterizes skin, keratin and other tissues. Its cauterizing effect is comparable to that obtained with such methods as electrocautery or freezing. Indications And Clinical Uses: For all types of verrucae; calluses; hard and soft corns; xanthoma palpebrarum; seborrheic keratoses; ingrown nails; cysts and benign erosion of the cervix including endocervicitis; epistaxis. Contra-Indications: Should…

BIAXIN® Abbott Clarithromycin Antibiotic Note: When used in combination with acid antisecretory drugs and other antimicrobials for the eradication of helicobacter pylori, the product monograph for those agents should be consulted. Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Clarithromycin exerts its antibacterial action by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria and suppressing protein synthesis. Eradication of H. pylori: H. pylori is now established as a major etiological factor in…

BETASERON® Berlex Canada Interferon beta-1b Immunomodulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Interferons are a family of naturally occurring proteins, which have molecular weights ranging from 15 000 to 21 000 daltons. Three major classes of interferons have been identified: alpha, beta and gamma. Interferon beta-1b, interferon alpha, and interferon gamma have overlapping yet distinct biologic activities. The activities of interferon beta-1b are species-restricted and, therefore, the most pertinent pharmacological information…

BETALOC® BETALOC® DURULES® Astra Metoprolol Tartrate b-Adrenoceptor Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Metoprolol is a b-adrenoceptor blocking agent. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that it has a preferential effect on b1-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in cardiac muscle. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher doses, metoprolol also inhibits b2-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature. It is used in the treatment…

BETOPTIC® S Alcon Betaxolol HCl Antiglaucoma Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Betaxolol is a cardioselective (beta-1-adrenergic) receptor blocking agent. It does not have significant membrane-stabilizing (local anesthetic) activity and is devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic action. Ocular: When instilled in the eye, betaxolol reduces elevated as well as normal intraocular pressure, whether or not accompanied by glaucoma. When used as a solution, the onset of action occurs within 30 minutes and…