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ALUPENT® Preparations Boehringer Ingelheim Orciprenaline Sulfate Bronchodilator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Orciprenaline is a bronchodilating agent. The bronchospasm associated with various pulmonary diseases – chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema, bronchial asthma, silicosis, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis and carcinoma of the lung, has been successfully reversed by therapy with orciprenaline. Orciprenaline has the following major characteristics: The action of orciprenaline is one of beta stimulation. Receptor sites in the bronchi and bronchioles are more…

ALTACE® Hoechst Marion Roussel Ramipril Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ramipril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, which is used in the treatment of essential hypertension, and following acute myocardial infarction in stabilized patients with clinically confirmed heart failure. Following oral administration, ramipril is rapidly hydrolyzed to ramiprilat, its principal active metabolite. Angiotensin-converting enzyme catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance, angiotensin II. Angiotensin…

ALLEGRA™ Hoechst Marion Roussel Fexofenadine HCl Histamine H1-Receptor Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fexofenadine, the predominant human and animal active metabolite of terfenadine, is a selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist. In laboratory animals, there is no evidence of local anesthetic, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antidopaminergic, antiserotonergic, anticholinergic, sedative, H2-receptor antagonist, or a1-adrenergic receptor blocking activity. Fexofenadine inhibits antigen-induced bronchospasm in sensitized guinea pigs and histamine release from peritoneal mast cells of the…

ALLOPURINOL General Monograph, CPhA Xanthine Oxidase Inhibiton This monograph has been compiled by CPhA. It may contain information different from that approved by HPB, Health Canada, and the pharmaceutical manufacturers’ approval has not been requested. Pharmacology: Allopurinol and its active metabolite, oxypurinol, inhibit xanthine oxidase, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid. Inhibition of this enzyme accounts for the major pharmacological…

ALOMIDE® Alcon Lodoxamide Tromethamine Anti-allergy Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lodoxamide, a mast cell stabilizer inhibits the in vivo type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction in animals and man. In vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of lodoxamide to stabilize mast cells and prevent the antigen specific induced release of histamine. In addition, lodoxamide prevents the release of other mast cell inflammatory mediators (i.e., SRS-A, slow reacting substances of anaphylaxis also…

  ALESSE™ 21 ALESSE™ 28 Wyeth-Ayerst Levonorgestrel – Ethinyl Estradiol Oral Contraceptive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Although the primary mechanism of action is inhibition of ovulation, the effectiveness of Alesse may also result from other mechanisms of action, such as hostility of the cervical mucus to sperm penetration and migration. Indications And Clinical Uses: For conception control. Contra-Indications: History of or actual thrombophlebitis or thromboembolic disorders. History of or actual…

ALFENTA® Janssen-Ortho Alfentanil HCl Opioid Analgesic – Adjunct to Anesthesia Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Alfentanil is a potent opioid analgesic/anesthetic with a rapid onset and short duration of action. The analgesic potency of alfentanil is 1/4 to 1/3 that of fentanyl. Low to moderate doses of alfentanil in short-stay surgical procedures provide good analgesic protection against hemodynamic responses to surgical stress and rapid recovery. Hemodynamic stability and duration of action…

ALIMENTUM® Abbott Infant Feeding Formula Indications And Clinical Uses: A nutritionally complete formula for infants and children with milk and/or soy protein allergy, severe food allergies, colic due to milk sensitivity, select cases of chronic diarrhea or maldigestion/malabsorption. Precautions: Shake very well to assure proper blending. Because of the special nutritional characteristics of Alimentum, it does not look or taste like milk or soy formulations. This is a ready-to-feed formula;…

ALDOMET® Injection ALDOMET® Tablets MSD Methyldopa HCl Methyldopa Antihypertensive Indications And Clinical Uses: The treatment of arterial hypertension. May be employed in a general treatment program in conjunction with a diuretic and/or other antihypertensive drugs as needed for proper response in patients with hypertension of various severity. May be employed as the initial agent in the treatment of hypertension in those patients for which treatment should not be started with…

ALDORIL®-15 ALDORIL®-25 MSD Methyldopa – Hydrochlorothiazide Antihypertensive Action And Clinical Pharmacology: In Aldoril, 2 antihypertensive agents with complementary properties are combined for the treatment of hypertension. Methyldopa: Methyldopa, an antihypertensive agent, is an aromatic-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor in animals and in man. Although the mechanism of action has yet to be conclusively demonstrated, the antihypertensive effect of methyldopa probably is due to its metabolism to alpha-methyl-norepinephrine, which then lowers arterial pressure…