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ZESTORETIC® Zeneca Lisinopril – Hydrochlorothiazide Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor – Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Zestoretic combines the action of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, and a diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide. Lisinopril: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the pressor substance, angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to increased plasma renin activity (due to…

ZEPHIRAN® Sanofi Benzalkonium Chloride Topical Antiseptic Indications And Clinical Uses: Antisepsis of skin and mucous membranes and as a disinfectant in surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, urology, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology and general practice. Also may be used as a disinfectant for hospital utensils and other environmental surfaces and for disinfection and storage of ampuls, thermometers, metal instruments and catheters. Contra-Indications: Incompatible with soap and anionic detergents. Use in occlusive dressings, casts and…

ZANTAC® Glaxo Wellcome Ranitidine HCl Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ranitidine is an antagonist of histamine at gastric H2 receptor sites. Thus ranitidine inhibits both basal gastric secretion and gastric acid secretion induced by histamine, pentagastrin and other secretagogues. On a weight basis, ranitidine is between 4 and 9 times more potent than cimetidine. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion has been observed following i.v., intraduodenal and oral…

ZEMURON™ Organon Rocuronium Bromide Nondepolarizing Skeletal Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Rocuronium is a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with a rapid to intermediate onset depending on dose and an intermediate duration of action. The drug acts by binding competitively to cholinergic receptors at the motor end-plate to antagonize the action of acetylcholine, an effect which is reversible in the presence of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine and edrophonium….

Z-BEC® Whitehall-Robins Zinc – Multivitamins Indications And Clinical Uses: For deficiencies of Z-BEC’s components in conditions such as febrile diseases, chronic or acute infections, burns, fractures, surgery, leg ulcers, toxic conditions, physiologic stress, alcoholism, prolonged exposure to high temperature, geriatrics, gastritis, peptic ulcer and colitis; in conditions involving special diets and weight reduction diets; dentistry: herpetic stomatitis, aphthous stomatitis, cheilosis, herpangina and gingivitis. Precautions: Not intended for the treatment of…

ZANOSAR® Pharmacia & Upjohn Streptozocin Antineoplastic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Streptozocin inhibits DNA synthesis in bacterial and mammalian cells. In bacterial cells, a specific interaction with cytosine moieties leads to degradation of DNA. The biochemical mechanism leading to mammalian cell death has not been definitively established; levels required to kill cells are considerably lower than those required to inhibit DNA synthesis or several of the enzymes involved in DNA…

ZANTAC® 75 Glaxo Wellcome Ranitidine HCl Histamine H2-receptor Antagonist Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ranitidine is an antagonist of histamine at gastric H2-receptor sites. Thus, ranitidine inhibits both basal gastric secretion and gastric acid secretion induced by histamine, pentagastrin and other secretagogues. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion has been observed following i.v., intraduodenal and oral administration of ranitidine. This response is dose-related, a maximum response being achieved at an oral dose…

YUTOPAR® Bristol Ritodrine HCl Uterine Relaxing Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ritodrine is a beta-receptor agonist, which has been shown by in vitro and vivo pharmacologic studies in animals to exert a preferential effect on the adrenergic receptors such as those in the uterine smooth muscle. Stimulation of the receptors inhibits contractility of the uterine smooth muscle. Beta-adrenergic stimulation in other body systems may lead to some cardiovascular or metabolic…

XYLOCAINE® 4% STERILE SOLUTION Astra Lidocaine HCl Local Anesthetic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthetic action. Local anesthetics of the amide type are thought to act within sodium channels of the nerve membrane. Onset of Action: The onset of action is rapid. For retrobulbar injection, 4 mL…

XYLOCARD® Astra Lidocaine HCl Antiarrhythmic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: The mode of action of the antiarrhythmic effect of lidocaine appears to be similar to that of procaine, procainamide and quinidine. Ventricular excitability is depressed and the stimulation threshold of the ventricle is increased during diastole. The sinoatrial node is, however, unaffected. In contrast to the latter 3 drugs, lidocaine in therapeutic doses does not produce a significant…