- Part 9

Bionutrix

Mood-liftnutrix:

Mood-liftnutrix is a specialized Bionutrix herbal preparation specially formulated by physicians at Bionutrix for the treatment of emotional disorders. In this special formulation, the effect of St. John’s wort is further enhanced by the biomolecule called phophatidylserine (fos-fa-ti-dil-seer-een). Phosphatidylserine is not a drug or an herb, but a biomolecule derived from soybean lecithin. It is naturally produced by the brain itself and revitalizes the cognitive functions of the brain. In fact, phosphatidylserine significantly reduces depression based on the Hamilton rating scale and significantly improves anxiety scores and memory loss associated with depression.

Supportive in:

• Depression and other mood disorders;
• Anxiety;
• Eating disorders;
• Use as an Antiviral agent (inhibits growth of the AIDS Virus).

Active Ingredients:

• St. John’s wort 300mg;
• Phosphatidylserine 15mg.

Directions: One capsule three times daily, or as directed by your physician/health care professional.

Caution: DO NOT use during pregnancy or while nursing unless directed by your health care professional

Prolonged and high dose (1800 mg. per day) consumption of St.John’s wort may render the skin photosensitive especially in individuals who are already sensitive to sunlight. Therefore persons taking St. John’s Wort should avoid excessive exposure to sunlight, tanning lights or UV sources.

Also anyone on any prescribed psycho-active medication should consult with their physician before combining it with St. John’s Wort.

NYTOL™ NATURAL SOURCE

Block Drug

Valerian Root

Sleep Aid

Indications And Clinical Uses: For the relief of insomnia (restlessness, difficulty in falling asleep) due to overwork, tiredness or fatigue.

Precautions: Keep safely out of reach of children. For occasional use only. Do not use with alcoholic beverages. Insomnia may be a symptom of serious medical illness. Therefore, if sleeplessness persists for more than 2 weeks it is recommended that a physician be consulted.

Dosage And Administration: 1 to 2 caplets at bedtime.

Availability And Storage: Each coated, easy to swallow caplet contains: valerian root powdered extract 100 mg (1:4), equivalent to valerian root 400 mg (Valeriana officinalis). Bottles of 20 and 50.

NYTOL™ NATURAL SOURCE Block Drug Valerian Root Sleep Aid

SARAPIN

DESCRIPTION

A sterile aqueous solution of soluble salts of the volatile bases from Sarraceniaceae (Pitcher Plant). Benzyl Alcohol 0.75%.

ACTIONS

The painful syndromes most commonly encountered in general practice which are relieved by SARAPIN® treatment are as follows:

• Sciatic Pain;
• Intercostal Neuralgia;
• Alcoholic Neuritis;
• Occipital Neuritis;
• Brachial Plexus Neuralgia;
• Meralgia Paresthetica;
• Lumbar Neuralgia;
• Trigeminal Neuralgia.

ADMINISTRATION

These and allied conditions may be treated with success in a majority of cases by nerve block or local infiltration:

• Paravertebral – Careful localization of the zone of tenderness permits a determination of the corresponding trunk levels to be injected.
• Perineural – In some instances, as in sciatica, the affected nerve can be injected at a site distant from its origin.
• Local Infiltration – Multiple injections throughout an area of tenderness provide for diffusion into all the affected parts.

Dosage And Administration:

Paravertebral Injections

• Cervical – 2-3 ml
• Dorsal – 5-10 ml
• Lumbar – 5-10 ml
• Sacral – 3-5 ml
• Caudal Canal – 10 ml
• Sciatic Nerve – 10 ml
• Local Infiltration – 5-10 ml

Manufacturers’ Warnings In Clinical States:

Withdraw plunger of syringe to make sure the needle point is not in a blood vessel.

Precautions:

Procedure should be gentle and unhurried.

SARAPIN® is intended only for professional use. Its successful employment depends upon a thorough knowledge of the anatomy involved.

Adverse Reactions:

Patients should be maintained in a recumbent position for 10 to 15 minutes following injection. A local sensation is to be expected, limited to the distribution of the nerve injected, and usually appearing as a temporary feeling of heaviness, although some cases will feel heat or a transitory aggravation of symptoms.

Contra-Indications:

SARAPIN® is non-toxic, has no side effects other than above and is contraindicated only in areas of infection.

HOW SUPPLIED

50 ml Multiple Dose Vial.

NDC-10541-492-50

CAUTION: Federal law prohibits dispensing without prescription.

HIGH CHEMICAL COMPANY

3901-A Nebraska Street

Levittown, PA 19056-3333

800-447-8792

SARAPIN

ST. JOHN’S WORT

BIONUTRIX

St. John’s Wort Herbal Extract (Hypercin perforatum)

Herbal Sedative

Hypericum perforatium is an aromatic perennial herb and belongs to the family hypericaceae. It is native to Europe, but is found worldwide. It has golden yellow flowers from which the extract is prepared.

St. John’s Wort is the most popular herbal remedy for depression. Other possible benefits of St. John’s Wort are relief from menstrual cramps and promotion of wound healing.

St. John’s Wort comprises of a number of active ingredients namely hypericin ,xanthones and flavonoids and these have been shown to have mono-amine oxidase (MAO) inhibiting property. In depression, MAO inhibitors are used to reduce the breakdown of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and serotonin and thereby increasing their concentration in the central nervous system.

Supportive in:

• Depression and mood disorders;
• Anxiety;
• Eating disorders;
• Use as an Antiviral agent – reported to inhibit growth of the AIDS virus etc.;
• Use as an Antibacterial agent;
• Bed wetting and childhood night terrors;
• Gastritis;
• Inflammatory Bowel Disorder;
• Menstrual cramps.

Active Ingredients: St John’s Wort Extract (Hypericum perforatum) 300mg 0.3% Hypericum.

Directions: Take one capsule three times daily, or as directed by your physician/health care professional.

Caution: DO NOT use during pregnancy or while nursing unless directed by your health care professional

Prolonged and high dose (1800 mg. per day) consumption of hypericum may render the skin photosensitive especially in individuals who are already sensitive to sunlight. Therefore persons taking St. John’s Wort should avoid excessive exposure to sunlight, tanning lights or UV sources.

Also anyone on any prescribed psychoactive medication should consult with his or her physician before combining it with St. John’s Wort.

ST. JOHN’S WORTBIONUTRIX

YOCON®

Glenwood

Yohimbine HCl

Sympatholytic

Indications And Clinical Uses: As an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent.

Contra-Indications: Renal or hepatic insufficiency.

Precautions: Yohimbine may cause hypotension. It should not be administered to geriatric patients, psychiatric patients or cardiorenal patients with a history of gastric or duodenal ulcer.

Symptoms And Treatment Of Overdose: Treatment: Conduct gastric lavage and administer activated charcoal (4 tablespoonfuls: 500 mL of water). Treat excitation or convulsions with a barbiturate.

Dosage: Adults: 1 tablet up to 3 times daily or as directed by a physician.

Availability And Storage: Each white, uncoated, spherical tablet contains: yohimbine HCl 5.4 mg. Nonmedicinal ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide NF, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate USP, magnesium stearate NF, microcrystalline cellulose NF, sodium starch glycolate NF, stearic acid NF and talc USP. Bottles of 100 and 1 000. (Shown in Product Recognition Section)

YOCON® Glenwood Yohimbine HCl Sympatholytic

YOHIMBINE

Odan

Sympatholytic

Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Yohimbine blocks presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. Its action on peripheral blood vessels resembles that of reserpine, though it is weaker and of short duration. Yohimbine’s peripheral autonomic nervous system effect is to increase parasympathetic (cholinergic) and decrease sympathetic (adrenergic) activity. Yohimbine exerts a stimulating action on the mood and may increase anxiety. Such actions have not been adequately studied or related to dosage although they appear to require high doses of the drug. Yohimbine has a mild antidiuretic action, probably via stimulation of hypothalamic centres and release of posterior pituitary hormone. Reportedly, yohimbine exerts no significant influence on cardiac stimulation and other effects mediated by b-adrenergic receptors, its effect on blood pressure, if any, would be to lower it; however, no adequate studies are at hand to quantitate this effect in terms of yohimbine dosage.

Yohimbine is a 3a-15a-20b-17a-hydroxy yohimbine-16a-carboxylic acid methyl ester. The alkaloid is found in Rubaceae and related trees. Also in Rauwolfia Serpentina (L) Benth. Yohimbine is an indolalkylamine alkaloid with chemical similarity to reserpine.

Indications And Clinical Uses: As an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent.

Contra-Indications: Renal diseases, and patients sensitive to the drug or its components. In view of the limited and inadequate information at hand, no precise tabulation can be offered of additional contraindications.

Manufacturers’ Warnings In Clinical States: Generally, this drug is not proposed for use in females and certainly must not be used during pregnancy. Neither is this drug proposed for use in pediatric, geriatric or cardio-renal patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer history. Nor should it be used in conjunction with mood-modifying drugs such as antidepressants, or in psychiatric patients in general.

Adverse Reactions: Yohimbine readily penetrates the CNS and produces a complex pattern of responses in lower doses than required to produce peripheral a-adrenergic blockade. These include, antidiuresis, a general picture of central excitation including elevation of blood pressure and heart rate increased motor activity, irritability and tremor. Sweating, nausea and vomiting are common after parenteral administration of the drug. Also dizziness, headache, skin flushing reported when used orally.

Dosage And Administration: As directed by physician.

2 mg: Adult dose male: 1 to 2 tablets 3 times a day. Occasional side effects reported with this dosage are nausea, dizziness or nervousness. In the event of side effects, dosage is to be reduced to 1/2 dosage 3 times a day or as directed by physician.

5.4 mg: Adult dose male: 1 tablet 3 times a day. Occasional side effects reported with this dosage are nausea, dizziness or nervousness. In the event of side effects, dosage is to be reduced to 1/2 tablet 3 times a day or a directed by physician.

Availability And Storage: 2 mg: Each round, powder blue, uncoated, scored, embossed tablet, engraved 0-2.0 mg contains: yohimbine HCl 2 mg. Nonmedicinal ingredients: cellulose, FD&C Blue #1, magnesium stearate and sodium starch glycolate. Gluten-, lactose- and tartrazine-free. Amber glass bottles of 100 and 500.

5.4 mg: Each oval, pink, uncoated, scored, embossed tablet, engraved 0-5.4 mg contains: yohimbine HCl 5.4 mg. Nonmedicinal ingredients: cellulose, FD&C Red #3, magnesium stearate and sodium starch glycolate. Gluten-, lactose- and tartrazine-free. Amber glass bottles of 100 and 500.

YOHIMBINE Odan Sympatholytic

YOHIMBINE

Tanta

Sympatholytic

Indications And Clinical Uses: As an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent.

Contra-Indications: Renal or hepatic insufficiency.

Availability And Storage: Each white, uncoated, round tablet contains: yohimbine HCl 5.4 mg. Bottles of 100.

YOHIMBINE Tanta Sympatholytic

YOHIMBINE

Welcker-Lyster

Sympatholytic

Indications And Clinical Uses: As an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent.

Contra-Indications: Cardiac or renal disease.

Precautions: Yohimbine may cause hypotension. It should not be administered to geriatric patients, psychiatric patients or cardiorenal patients with a history of gastric or duodenal ulcer.

Symptoms And Treatment Of Overdose: Symptoms and Treatment: Conduct gastric lavage and administer activated charcoal (4 tablespoonfuls/500 mL of water). Treat excitation or convulsions with a barbiturate.

Dosage: Adults: 6 to 18 mg daily.

Availability And Storage: Each pale pink, uncoated, spherical granule contains: yohimbine HCl 2 mg. Bottles of 100 and 500.

YOHIMBINE Welcker-Lyster Sympatholytic

WEBBER® CALCIUM CARBONATE

Novartis Consumer Health

Calcium Carbonate

Calcium Supplement

Indications And Clinical Uses: As a dietary supplement where calcium intake may be inadequate: childhood and adolescence, pregnancy and lactation, postmenopausal females and in the aged. In the treatment of calcium deficiency states which may occur in diseases such as: tetany of the newborn (as a supplement to parenterally administered calcium), hypoparathyroidism and senile osteoporosis, rickets and osteomalacia.

Contra-Indications: Hypercalcemia and hypercalcinuria (e.g. in hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D overdosage, decalcifying tumors such as plasmocytoma, bone metastases), severe renal disease, calcium loss due to immobilization.

Precautions: In mild hypercalcinuria (exceeding 300 mg/24 hours) as well as in chronic renal failure, or where there is evidence of stone formation in the urinary tract, adequate checks must be kept on urinary calcium excretion. If necessary, the dosage should be reduced or calcium therapy discontinued. High vitamin D intake should be avoided during calcium therapy unless specially indicated. Administration of corticosteroids may interfere with calcium absorption.

Calcium compounds reduce blood concentrations of oral tetracyclines. Concomitant use should be avoided, or doses of the drugs should not be taken within 1 hour of each other.

Although certain dietary substances interfere with the absorption of calcium, including oxalic acid (found in large quantities in rhubarb and spinach), phytic acid (bran and whole cereals) and phosphorus (milk and other dairy products) clinical significance has not been proven.

Adverse Reactions: Occasional diarrhea or constipation may occur with high calcium intake.

Dosage And Administration: Adults: 1 to 3 tablets (500 to 1 500 mg) daily in divided doses or as recommended by physician.

Children: 1 to 2 tablets (500 to 1 000 mg) daily in divided doses or as recommended by physician.

Availability And Storage: Each grey, film-coated, elongated tablet contains: calcium carbonate 1 250 mg from oyster shell, providing 500 mg (25 mEq) of elemental calcium. Nonmedicinal ingredients: gum arabic, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium starch glycolate. Bottles of 100.

WEBBER® CALCIUM CARBONATE Novartis Consumer Health Calcium Carbonate Calcium Supplement

General Information

Common Name:

Valerian

Latin Name:

Valeriana officinalis

Family:

Valerianaceae

Other Names:

• All heal.
• Belgian valerian.
• Fragrant valerian.
• Indian valerian.
• Garden heliotrope.

Indications & Historical Uses

Valerian in the form of dried rhizome [underground stems ] and root of the Valerian officinalis plant, has been used for over 1,000 years as a valued calmative agent, tranquillizer and hypnotic. The German Commission E has indicated that Valerian is an effective treatment for restlessness and for sleep disturbances resulting from nervous conditions. It is used extensively and effectively in Europe, and in France and it is the most widely used and prescribed hypnotic Its general indications are as follows:

• Insomnia (Sleeplessness).
• Nervous tension, anxiety.
• Headache.
• Palpitations without any cause.
• Irritable bowel syndrome.
• Menstrual cramps.
• Mild cases of attention deficit disorder (ADD).
• It is very important to note that valerian does not cause any hangover effects after use.

Contraindications & Precautions

Contraindications:
No known toxicity High doses (5 gms per day) may lead to withdrawal symptoms if taken for a long period of time. Avoid prolonged use and large doses. See Caution.

Precautions:
No known toxicity High doses (5 mgs per day) may lead to withdrawal symptoms if taken for a long period of time. Avoid prolonged use and large doses.

Adverse Effects:
No known toxicity High doses (5mg per day) may lead to withdrawal symptoms if taken for a long period of time. Avoid prolonged use and large doses. See Caution.

Drug Interaction:
See Caution. No drug interactions known, however, people who use Valerian might be wise to avoid taking any hypnotic or sedative agents e.g. benzodiazepines.

Dosage Information

How Supplied:

200mg and 500mg tablets.

Dosage:

200mg – 500mg per day.

Pharmacology

The sedative effects of Valerian root are attributed to the Valpotriates, which are a group of unstable compounds whose byproducts also possess sedative activity. Other components, such as the pungent Valeric and Isovaleric acids also have CNS depressant activity. Numerous clinical trials with Valerian have established both subjective and objective improvements in sleep quality, tension disturbances and behavior disorders without causing a hangover effect the next day. Valerian has been studied for its effects on the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) which is the same neurotransmitter affected by barbituates and benzodiazepines. Animal research has shown that extracts of valerian root does in fact increase the levels of GABA in the synapse .. It is postulated that Valerian exerts its effect by increasing a carrier protein-dependent re-uptake of the neurotransmitter, hence, Valerian root may be considered a re-uptake inhibitor of GABA somewhat similar to serotonin re-uptake inhibition by the SSRI’s .

Active Ingredients:

• Valpotriates.
• Valeric acid.
• Sesquiterpenes.
• Glycoside.
• Essential oils.

Enhancing Agents:

• Passion flower.
• Hops hawthorn.
• Phosphotidylserin.

Origin

Valerian Officinalis is a tall perennial that grows in temperate regions of North America, Europe ,and Asia.. Clusters of tiny white or reddish flowers bloom in summer. The herb emits an unpleasant odor as it dries .There are over 200 valeriana species but V. officinalis is the species most frequently cultivated for medicinal use. Since ancient Greek times ,valerian has been valued as an antispasmodic and as a sleep aid. Today ,valerian is widely used throughout Europe as a mild sedative and as a sleep aid for insomnia .

Processing

Valerian roots are collected in spring and fall and dried. This dried product is then cold percolated with alcohol and water, and evaporated at cool temperature. It is then purified and standardized.

Scientific References

Chauffard, F. et al. (1982) Detection of mild sedative effects: Valerian and sleep in man. Experimentia 37:622.

Delsignore, R. et al. (1980) Placebo controlled clinical trial with valerian. Settimana Medica 68(8):437.

Drieglsten, J. and Grusla, D. (1988) Central depressant constituent in Valerian. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung. 40:204l.

Foster, S. (1991) Valerian. American Botanical Council.

Hendriks, R. et al (1981) Pharmacological screening of Valerenal and some other components of essential oil of Valeriana officinalis. Planta Medica 42:62.

Klich, R. and gladbach, B. (1975) Childhood behavior disorders and their treatment. Medizinische Welt. 26(25):1251.

Lindahl, O. and Lindwall, L. (1989) Double blind study of a valerian preparation. Pharmacology Biochem. & Behavior. 32:1065.

Mowrey, D. (1990) The Scientific Validation of Herbal Medicine. Cormorant Books.

Weiner, M. (1990) Weiner’s Herbal. Mill Valley: Quantum Books.

Klotz, V.:Lancet 335:992 (1990).

Tyler, V. E.: The Honest Herbal, A Sensible Guide and use of Herbs and related readings, 3rd edition, (1997), Pharmaceutical Products Press .

Boeters, U. (1969) Treatment of autonomic dysregulation with valepotriates (Valmane). Pressdizinische Wochenschrift 37:1873.

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